Downloads

Physical optics enables the access to any kind of light information in the desired image plane.

Demo.0002, Design, Diffractive Beam Splitter, Beam Splitter, Diffractive Optics, Light Shaping, Aspherical Lens, VCSEL

Demos

This Demo shows how to use a programmable detector, which can automatically save the simulation result with interested parameter information include in the file name.

Auto Saving, Programmable Detector, Coupled File Name, Demo.0025 

Demos

In this demo we show how to import bitmap files into VirtualLab Fusion.

Demo.23, Bitmap File Import, bitmap, file import

Demos

Demo the diffraction efficiency of a volume holographic grating is investigated, which was generated by an impinging spherical and plane wave.

Calculation, Diffraction Efficiency, Reflective, Volume, Holographic Grating, Spherical Wave, Demo.0022 

Demos

In this demo we will show how to import measured chirped mirror data.

Demo.13, chirped mirror, ultrashort pulses

Demos

In this demo, we introduce a serrated beam apodizer. Beam apodization plays a key role in the design of high-energy laser systems and beam delivery.

Demo.0020, Diffraction Patterns behind Different Apertures

Demos

We will vary the separation between two fibers and simulate the electromagnetic field behavior on the x-z plane within the computational region.

Demo.12, Crosstalk, Planar Waveguides, programmable medium, electromagnetic field

Demos

A phase-only transmission function is designed using the iterative Fourier transform algorithm. As an additional step, a phase-only transmission is designed without any phase dislocations.

Demo.0001, Design, Diffractive Beam Splitter, Beam Splitter, Diffractive Optics, Light Shaping, Dot Pattern, VCSEL

Demos

In this example, we demonstrated how to model an intraocular lens system using a conical diffractive lens.

Intraocular Diffractive Lens, Curved Surface, Demo.0024 

Demos

This demonstration shows the design of a DOE to widen a gausian into a top-hat shape.

Demo.0018, DOE, Top-Hat, Gaussian Beam 

Demos

We simulate a lightguide outcouple efficiency using a slanted outcouple grating and an ideal or binary incouple grating.

Diffractive, Lightguide, Incouple, Outcouple, Gratings

Demos

In this demo we demonstrate a propagation of a Plane Wave through a Luneburg lens.

Demo.0013, Luneburg Lens, inhomogeneous medium, GRIN medium

Demos

In this Use Case we demonstrate a propagation of a Plane Wave through a Luneburg lens.

Luneburg Lens, inhomogeneous medium, GRIN medium

Demos

In this demo, we illustrate the Fourier Transforms in an immersion objective system.

Fourier Transform, Immersion Objective System, Stratified Media, Demo.0031 

Demos

The microstructures are analyzed rigorously in order to calculate accurate diffraction efficiencies for structure sizes in the range of the used wavelength.

Demo.0004, light propagation, periodic microstructure, grating, microstructure

Demos

This demonstration shows the capabilities of VirtualLab Fusion to calculate higher resonator modes together with their corresponding Eigenvalues.

Laser, Resonator, Modes, Demo.0021 

Demos

In this demonstration we show how to import GRIN-Media which are defined after “Gradient 5”-Shema in Zemax OpticStudio®.

Demo.0028, Import, Graded-Index Medium, GRIN, Graded Index Medium

Demos

In this demo, we show how to import measured lens surface data to VirtualLab Fusion.

Import, Measured Lens Surface Data, Demo.0023 

Demos

This demonstration shows a tool to import nonequidistant sampled surface that are given through lists in a .csv-file.

Nonequidistional, Import, Demo.0029 

Demos

This Demo shows how to use precalculated efficiency to define a grating in VirtualLab Fusion.

Import, Precalculated Diffraction Efficiencies, Demo.0027 

Demos

In this demo, we illustrate the workflow of how to import the BSDF measurement data into VirtualLab Fusion.

Import, BSDF, Demo.0033 

Demos

In this Demo we modeled the light propagation through lenses with a modulated refractive index.

Demo.0003, light propagation, refractive index, Cylindrical Modulation

Demos

In this demo a lightguide system is modeled, that uses 2D-periodic grating structures (diamond-like shape), which is based on the approach from Patent WO2018/178626.

Demo.0007, Patent O2018/178626, 1D-periodic grating structure, grating, slanted grating, programmable interface, waveoptics

Demos

In this example we demonstrate the polarization behavior.

Metalens, Half-Wave Plate Model, nanofin

Demos

This demonstration shows the possibility in VirtualLab Fusion to include measured GDD-Data to control the shape of a pulse.

Modeling, Pulse Chirp, Optical Component, Demo.0019

Demos

In this example, with the help of the automatic propagation technology in VirtualLab Fusion, we demonstrate the Talbot effect, and with the help of Parameter Run, we visualize the Talbot carpet pattern.

Demo.10, Talbot Effect, 1D, 2D, periodic Grating, chromatic field, camera detector, sinusoidal grating

Demos

In this Demo we seek to model the Moiré pattern in an optical setup.

Demo.0026, Moiré Fringes Generation, interference

Demos

In the Panel Type Source a uniform grid can be defined, where each point emits a spherical wave with a certain aperture. Exemplarily, a distribution of 11×11 point sources with a uniform and a Gaussian profile is shown.

Demo.5, Panel Type Source, uniform grid, spherical wave, Gaussian beams

Demos

This demonstrations shows the propagation of a gaussian beam for a distance of 10 km.

Gauß, Long Distance, Demo.0036

Demos

This demonstration shows the propagation of a field through an uneven pinhole.

Pinhole, FMM, PML, Demo.0035 

Demos

In this setup we want to demonstrate a pulse train source that generates pulse trains by constructing a corresponding spectrum (frequency comb).

Demo.21, pulse train generator, pulse train

Demos

This demonstration simulates a retro reflector with rough surfaces.

Rough Surface, Microstructure, Random, Reflector, Demo.0032 

Demos

This demonstration shows the reflection of a field on a rough surface.

Rough Surface, Microstructure, Random, Demo.0030

Demos

In this demo we show how to design a diffuser for distinct target pattern for each of the RGB wavelengths. Furthermore, we will generate a Lightguide setup for guiding and separated outcoupling of the RGB modes.

Demo.6, RGB, Diffuser, Lightguide, transmission, grating, far field

Demos

In this Demo we seek to simulate the interference pattern in a Sagnac interferometer setup.

Demo.22, Sagnac interferometer, interferometry, non-sequential

Demos

In this demo we will model the moth-eye structure by a random (statistical) distribution of cones. For this purpose, the Random Cone Interface is used.

Demo.11, moth-eye structure, Random Cone Interface

Demos

VirtualLab Fusion can run in batch mode and thus enable cross-platform simulations when used alongside other software tools.

Cross-Platform, Simulation, cross platform, matlab, python

Product Sheets

How to couple light into optical fibers with high efficiency is of great concern for many applications, e.g., in telecommunication, remote sensing, and lasers.

fiber coupling, fiber-coupling, tolerance, analysis, optical fibers, optical fiber, focal region

Product Sheets

Gratings are increasingly gaining importance in modern optics for various applications. Subwavelength structures including metastructures require vectorial electromagnetic methods. VirtualLab Fusion provides full solutions, from the design of single components to their application in a complex optical system.

gratings, optical systems, Subwavelength, structures, metastructures, vectorial electromagnetic methods,

Product Sheets

VirtualLab Fusion provides a complete workflow for diffractive-lens and HOE design.

Diffractive Lenses, Holographic Optical Elements, HOEs, hoe, diffractive-lens, zemay, microstructure, lens, fabrication, diffractive lenses

Product Sheets

The summer release 2019 of VirtualLab Fusion enables their inclusion in systems and therefore the evaluation of overall performance.

does, doe, diffusers, diffuser, light shaping, diffractive, optical, element, elements, illumination

Product Sheets

The VirtualLab AR & VR Solution Package is the only commercially available single-platform software that provides physical-optics modeling of AR & VR lightguides.

ar, vr, augmented reality, virtual reality, lightguides, interference, coherence, lightguide, fourier, kdomain, k-domain

Product Sheets

Metalenses and metasurfaces have risen to scientific fame by virtue of their unique properties for manipulation of electromagnetic fields, and nowadays their fabrication has become feasible.

Metalens, Metasurface, Holograms, hologram, meta lens, meta surface, electromagnetic, nanoscale

Product Sheets

Modern interferometers often consist of light sources with various coherence properties, and different components. VirtualLab Fusion is a unified platform for the modeling of such complex systems based on physical optics and with a user-friendly interface.

interferometer, interferometers, interferometry, optical, mach zehnder, michelson, fizeau, coherence

Product Sheets

In this work we discuss a rigorous k-domain (spatial frequency domain) method for fast calculation of electromagnetic fields propagating through GRIN media.

A k-domain, Graded-index (GRIN), Maxwell’s equations

Talks

We therefore introduce the concept of geometric and diffractive zones of fields. We describe and demonstrate design techniques for different applications of light shaping, including smooth and micro-structured surfaces, for different types of sources.

light shaping, diffractive, electromagnetic, talks, talk

Talks

The application of a lightguide in combination with grating regions is definitely a good candidate and we will discuss the concept, challenges and our current strategies to deal with them.

XR glasses, FOV, lightguides

Talks

In this work, we present the connection of the two specific solvers mentioned above in the context of a field-tracing approach. We apply it to the simulation of a system for inspection of diffractive optical elements, e.g. gratings, with a high-numerical-aperture microscope.

Fourier Modal Method, Grating, Microscopy

Talks

Metasurfaces that are composed of nanopillars with high refractive indices have great potential in different applications. For example, metagratings have been shown to have superior performance in comparison to those traditional ones. Beam-splitting gratings with large splitting angles and power uniformly among orders are often needed in modern optical devices, e.g. the LiDAR systems, so to ensure high-precision acquisition of the depth information.

Beam-Splitting, Metasurfaces, Metagratings, SPIE Photonics West 2021

Talks

Lightguide-based near-eye display devices are drawing much interest recently, and one of the key technologies of such devices are coupling gratings for the planar lightguide.

spatial-frequency domain, Fourier modal, Lightguide

Talks

VirtualLab Fusion, unlike most other optical simulation software, enables the complete workflow within a single software platform in a seamless manner.

Diffractive, Metasurfaces, single platform

Talks

The Local Plane Interface Approximation (LPIA) algorithm, a free space propagation algorithm and the Fourier Modal Method (FMM) are all combined. We analyse the homogeneity of the spot-like illumination interference pattern at the focal plane, which should be accounted for in image processing.

Fast Physical-Optics, Modeling, Microscopy System, Structured Illumination, VirtualLab, LightTrans, talks, LPIA, FMM, talk

Talks

Graded-index (GRIN) media are widely used for different situations. Modelling electromagnetic field propagation in GRIN media is of high importance for optical simulation and design. Based on the concept of fast physical optics, we develop a theory to efficiently propagate the field in GRIN media, including the effect of polarization cross-talk.

GRIN, graded-index media, graded index, VirtualLab, LightTrans, talks, talk

Talks

In addition to the early-stage microscopy setups, those advanced microscopy in modern optics are often designed with more physical-optics principles involved and they are used for the investigation of more complicated effects/phenomena.

microscopy, lithography, 3D-structured

Talks

We perform a fast-physical optics modeling of two-photon microscopy with 3D-structured illumination.

3D-structured illumination, image processing

Talks

In particular, we show how various techniques are related to each other and how they can be used to improve maximum efficiency, uniformity of the intensity distribution and to minimize the zeroth order for non-paraxial illumination by laser beams.

Fast Physical-Optics, Modeling, VirtualLab, LightTrans, talks, talk

Talks

For applications in the field of XR, devices based on light guiding are one beneficial approach to combine the virtual image with the light impinging from the real-world environment.

XR, Field Tracing technology, AR glasses, lightguide

Talks

With the help of VirtualLab, we will demonstrate several classical physical optics effects, for example, diffraction from slits, Talbot effect, Arago spot (Poisson’s spot), Michelson/Mach-Zehnder/Young’s interferometers, Gouy phase shift, Goos-Hänchen shift, and so on.

Physical Optics, Optics Education, electromagnetic fields

Talks

We emphasize on highly efficient solutions to Maxwell’s equations, based on 1) the paradigm shift of switching the main modeling domain from space to spatial frequency domain; 2) innovative Fourier transform concepts that minimize the field sampling parameters. We will present simulations of several typical modern laser systems based on fast physical optics modeling.

modeling, laser system, maxwell, fourier, talks, talk

Talks

In this work, the field tracing tech niques for modeling light-shaping systems are presented, which reveals the optical element resulted from those geometric-base algorithm is not always accurate enough for the design task.

Light Shaping, physcial optics

Talks

After a brief introduction of the fast physical optics technology we demonstrate various examples from different fields of application.

Modeling, Design of Gratings, Diffusers, DOEs, Diffractive, Metalenses

Talks

We will present a physical-optics-based approach to deal with the modeling of the whole diffractive-/metasurfaces, by decomposing the input field into numbers of sub-fields and studying the interaction of each sub-field with a local extension of the surface.

Modeling, Diffractive-/Metasurfaces, Evaluations

Talks

We will present a physical-optics-based approach to deal with the modeling of the whole metasurfaces, with a locally extended rigorous analysis of several unit cells so to include possible coupling effects, while the computational efficiency remains high.

Metasurfaces

Talks

The growing importance of diffractive and meta-lenses in modern optical systems makes it vital to investigate and understand their capabilities. They play an important role in various applications like imaging systems, laser-beam shaping, bio/medical-optics, etc.

meta-lenses, FMM, RCWA

Talks

We discuss the implications of the modeling and the design of diffractive and refractive freeform surfaces in non-paraxial regions of the fields to shape the profile of a laser beam in its far field, its focus or any other region.

non-paraxial, refractive laser beam, high na, talks, talk

Talks

VirtualLab Fusion provides different approaches for non-sequential simulations through the entirety or part of an optical system. In non-sequential simulations with both ray and field tracing the user can control which light-propagation paths are to be considered.

non-sequential, field tracing, ray tracing, optical modeling, VirtualLab, LightTrans, talks, talk

Talks

Confocal microscopy is widely used in both materials science and life sciences. It has good imaging performance due to the filtering of background noise. In this work, we perform the physical-optics modeling of the real condenser lens system with inclusion of full vectorial effects.

Confocal Microscopy, Lens System

Talks

We present the theoretical derivation and the numerical implementation. We illustrate its potential with examples.

physical-optics, Fourier transform, wavefront phase

Talks

Physical-optics system modeling can be performed by connecting different rigorous and approximated field solvers, which are selected to efficiently solve Maxwell’s equations in the individual mathematical regions into which a system can be torn.

Homeomorphic, Maxwell’s equations

Talks

In this talk the modeling of systems for femtosecond pulses is presented, including pulse compression and stretching by grating pairs, focusing by low and high NA systems, walk-off effects and second-harmonic generation (SHG) modeling.

beam delivery, pulsed lasers, laser, cw, VirtualLab, LightTrans, talks, talk, femtosecond, NA, SHG, second harmonic generation

Talks

VirtualLab Fusion supports light shapping by freeform surfaces, diffractive beam splitters and pattern generators, diffusers, and general arrays of micro-optical components, including, but not limited to, micro-lens arrays.

diffractive, freeform, light shapping, VirtualLab, LightTrans, talks, talk, micro lens, microlens, diffractive beam splitters

Talks

In this work, we start with the optimization of coupling gratings for a single incident direction and analyze the effect when such optimized gratings are used in different situations.

Optimization, Coupling Gratings, Lightguide-Based Displays

Talks

Lightguide structures are widely applied in different applications, and, nowadays, the are drawing special interest in the field of near-to-eye display systems. Such systems are typically realized with either planar or curved lightguides together with gratings for coupling light out of or into the lightguides.

Lightguide, FOV, Systematic Design, near-to-eye display systems.

Talks

Though ray tracing gives insight also in the case of lightguides, an analysis which includes all relevant effects must be based on a physical-optics approach which is fast and user-friendly. With the Fast Physical Optics technique in our software VirtualLab Fusion we provide such a modeling approach.

AR/MR glasses, ray tracing, FOV

Talks

Interferometer-based optical setups play an important role in modern optical metrology for different applications.

Coherence, Optical Systems, Interferometry

Talks

We obtain a physical-optics solution which reveals, in an isolated manner, all the effects which we know must appear, and dispel the geometrical-phyisical optics dichotomy in our understanding of the Gouy phase.

physical optics, diffraction, gouy phase, fourier transform, free-space propagation

Talks

In this work, we investigate the coupling of electromagnetic fields into fiber and similar micro-optics structures, and especially, we perform tolerance analysis of given system with respect to shift and tilt of the fiber and micro-optical sensors.

Physical Optics, Light Coupling, Fiber, Micro-Optical Sensors

Talks

In modern optics, a huge variety of components with specific purposes made from different materials are employed. Birefringent materials are often used for manipulating light in difference aspects. Especially, by analysis in the spatial frequency domain, the effect from birefringence can be clearly revealed and, based on that, we develop a fast numerical algorithm to model light propagation through such components.

birefringent, optical components, Maxwell, VirtualLab, LightTrans, talks, talk

Talks

A diffractive or meta-lens can be modeled as local structures (e.g. local gratings) on a base interface. The rigorous Fourier modal method (FMM) is applied for the local micro-/nanostructures; then the phase modulations at each position can be collected to model the lens function.

Fast Physical-Optics, Modeling, VirtualLab, LightTrans, talks, talk, FMM, meta-lens, diffractive

Talks

Interferometer-based optical setups play an important role in modern optical metrology for different applications.

Interferometer, optical metrology, physical-optics

Talks

Modern interferometer-based optical-metrology technologies play an important role in many applications, and often consist of multi-disciplinary components. We present a physical-optics- based simulation approach.

Fast Physical-Optics, Modeling, interferometry, VirtualLab, LightTrans, talks, LPIA, FMM, talk

Talks

Optical fibers are widely used for collecting and monitoring light signals in modern optical metrology systems. The use of fibers helps reduce the size of optical system and makes the interconnection between systems convenient.

optical metrology, micrometers, optical fibers

Talks

Optical fibers are widely used for collecting and monitoring light signals in modern optical metrology systems. The use of fibers helps reduce the size of optical system and makes the interconnection between systems convenient.

polarization effect, polarizer

Talks

The Fast Fourier transform (FFT) algorithm constitutes the backbone for fast physical optics modelling. In this talk we present the theory of the semi-analytical FFT alongside several examples to demonstrate the great potential of this approach.

FFT, fast fourier transform, field components, VirtualLab, LightTrans, talks, talk

Talks

We discuss the use of miniaturized freeform surfaces in regular and randomized arrays. Furthermore, the inclusion of diffraction at the edges of the array cells is discussed and demonstrated at the example of a microlens array.

freeform surfaces, microlens array, high na

Talks

The modeling of the pulses starts with a temporal Fourier transform which convert the temporal signal into correlated spectral modes, so that the material dispersion effects can be included. Each spectral mode is polarized and therefore vectorial electromagnetic field information can be considered.

ultrashort pulses, spatio-temporal, F-theta lenses, field tracing, Fourier transform

Talks

Numerous parameters must be considered in order to design a functional AR/MR device which provides sufficient image quality and optical performance.

lightguide, ar

Talks

Gratings for coupling light into or out of lightguides for near-to-eye display systems are optimized regarding the angular dependency of the field of view.

coupling gratings, lightguide, Pareto optimization, design exploration

Talks

In this talk we will discuss the modeling and design of laser systems along applications like beam delivery and scanning, speaking also about the peculiarities of including gratings, etalons, graded-index media and crystals in said systems.

laser beam, shapping, diffractive optics, diffractive, VirtualLab, LightTrans, talks, talk

Talks

The well-established ray-tracing concept of Bidirectional Scattering Distribution Function, used traditionally to model the scattering of rays at micro-structured surfaces, serves as the inspiration for what we have called “bidirectional”, or B, operators: a physical-optics generalization that refers not only to the modelling of surface scattering, but of any component in an optical system.

ray tracing, bidirectional scatterin distribution function, b operators, VirtualLab, LightTrans, talks, talk

Talks

Geometrical and physical optics tend to be presented as completely separate from each other, the links between the two tenuously acknowledged at best. However, when they are viewed for what they are it is evident that not only are they not separate, but that in fact the two types of behaviours very often coexist within the same system.

Gouy Phase Shift, Geometric Fourier Transform, VirtualLab, LightTrans, talks, talk

Talks

VirtualLab Fusion provides fast physical-optics modeling. In this paper we present the five basic ideas on how to achieve fast simulations in physical optics.

field solvers, concept, fast physical optics

Technology Whitepapers

The FMM/RCWA solver consists of an eigenmode solver for each periodically modulated layer and an S-matrix for matching the boundary conditions, in the spatial frequency domain (k domain).

TEC.0003, Fourier modal method, FMM, Rigorous coupled wave analysis, RCWA, S matrix, Grating, Nanostructure, Microstructure, Spatial frequency, k domain, Convergence

Technology Whitepapers

The Fresnel matrix solver consists of an eigenmode solver for the homogeneous media on both sides of the interface and matching of the boundary conditions, in the spatial frequency domain (k domain).

TEC.0001, Fresnel, Fresnel equations, Fresnel coefficients, Transmission coefficients, Reflection coefficients, Plane surface, Plane interface, Polarization

Technology Whitepapers

The idealized grating function works without any information about the actual shape of the grating structure. It calculates the position (in the k domain) of the diffraction orders from the period, and the effective B-matrix according to the desired diffraction efficiencies.

TEC.0004, Grating, Idealized grating function, Grating equation, Diffraction efficiency, B matrix, k domain

Technology Whitepapers

The idealized lens functions works without the knowledge about actual lens surfaces and material. It defines the lens functions in both focusing and collimation modes, and with three different lens function types available.

TEC.0008, Lens, Lens functions, Idealized lens, Collimation, Focusing

Technology Whitepapers

The layer matrix solver consists of an eigenmode solver for each homogeneous layer and an S-matrix for matching the boundary conditions at all the interfaces, in the spatial frequency domain (k domain).

TEC.0002, Layered medium, Stratified medium, S matrix, Boundary conditions

Technology Whitepapers

The LLGA solver assumes local plane wave and local linear grating interactions in the spatial domain (x domain), using either the FMM/RCWA or TEA for the grating analysis.

TEC.0007, Diffractive lens, Holographic optics element, HOE, Grating, Diffraction, LLGA

Technology Whitepapers

The LPIA solver works in the spatial domain (x domain) with an approximate local boundary condition, that assumes a local plane wave interaction with local plane interface.

TEC.0006, Curved surface, Curved interface, Refraction, Reflection, Transmission, LPIA

Technology Whitepapers

The RK-BPM solves the electromagnetic field propagation problem in a GRIN medium, by solving two ordinary differential equations simultaneously.

TEC.0012, Runge-Kutta X Domain, RKX, Graded-Index, GRIN, Inhomogeneous

Technology Whitepapers

VirtualLab Fusion provides fast physical-optics modeling by connecting different field solvers. Some of them are formulated in the space domain and others in the Fourier domain. Each component comes with a solver and calls for the fields in the output planes of other solvers.

TEC.0008, Lens, Lens functions, Idealized lens, Collimation, Focusing

Technology Whitepapers

Coated slanted gratings can be configured easily within VirtualLab. This use case explains the available options for the customization of slanted gratings.

MISC.0058, Configuation, Slanted Gratings, Feature Use Case, Inclusion of Gratings, Imaging Systems

Use Cases

By placing a rotated rectangular aperture behind input fields with different sizes, the PSF and MTF in the focal plane are investigated.

MISC.0023, Advanced PSF & MTF, Calculation, System, Rectangular Aperture, Imaging Systems

Use Cases

An imaging system consisting of a collimation objective and human eye is modeled, and by changing the illumination conditions, the cases with fully and partially illuminated apertures are investigated.

MISC.0040, Advanced PSF & MTF Calculation, Imaging System, Near-eye displays, Virtual & Mixed Reality, Waveguide HUDs

Use Cases

When a linearly polarized Gaussian beam is focused by a high-NA aspheric lens, the PSF in focal plane shows asymmetry due to vectorial effects.

MISC.0022, Advanced PSF, Calculation, High-NA, Lens System, Advanced PSF & MTF, Imaging Systems

Use Cases

Within VirtualLab Fusion, we demonstrate the analyze afocal systems for the generation of laser guide stars, and further optimize the system to control the size of the artificial stars.

MISC.0083, Laser beam, Afocal system, Laser guide star, Diffraction, Beam size

Use Cases

We demonstrate how to analyze the polarization-dependent property of binary gratings rigorously, also to optimize the binary structures to obtain polarization-independent high diffraction efficiency.

GRT.0015, Grating, Polarization, Polarization insensitive, High efficiency, Rigorous analysis, Optimization, Fourier modal method, FMM, Rigorous coupled wave analysis, RCWA

Use Cases

An Offner system that consists of two concentric spherical mirrors is built up and its imaging property is investigated by using the non-sequential field tracing in VirtualLab.

MISC.0063, Analysis, Offner System, Non-Sequential Field Tracing, Advanced PSF & MTF, Imaging Systems

Use Cases

The Fourier modal method (FMM) can be used to analyze grating efficiencies rigorously in VirtualLab Fusion.

GRT.0001, Fourier Modal Method, RCWA, Blazed Grating Analysis, Diffraction Efficiency, Spectrum, Monochromators, Optical Metrology

Use Cases

Using the rigorous FMM / RCWA, we simulate CMOS sensor with pixel size equal to or below 2µm, and especially, the effectiveness of the microlenses is investigated.

GRT.0026, Microlens, Microlens array, CMOS, Detector, Sensor, Diffraction, FMM, RCWA

Use Cases

For a folded waveguide-based imaging system, the multiple apertures effect, including in- and outcoupling gratings and pupil aperture, is shown to affect the PSF and MTF on image plane.

Analysis, Folded Imaging System, Multiple Apertures, Near-eye displays, Waveguide HUDs, Virtual & Mixed Reality

Use Cases

To evaluate the image quality of a near-to-eye display system, it is important to include the influence from the waveguide structure. In this example, both planar and curved waveguide are investigated.

Analysis, Folded Imaging System, Planar Waveguide, Curved Waveguide, Near-eye displays, Waveguide HUDs, Virtual & Mixed Reality

Use Cases

It is demonstrated that the PSF is distorted due to the aberration caused by off-axis imaging.

MIC.0016, High-NA, Focusing, Objective Lens, Microscope, Off-Axial Imaging, PSF

Use Cases

It is demonstrated that the PSFs have different shapes when the orientation of the dipole source changes.

MIC.0018, High-NA, Objective Lens, Microscope, Dipole Source, PSF

Use Cases

Different slanted grating geometries are selected from literature, with varying slant angle, fill factor, and modulation depth, and the diffraction efficiencies are calculated with the Fourier modal method (FMM).

GRT.0009, slanted gratings, slanted grating, lightguide, coupling, gratings, Fourier modal method, FMM, rigorous coupled wave analysis, RCWA, VirtualLab, LightTrans

Use Cases

High-NA objective lenses are widely used in optical lithography, microscopy, etc. Consideration of the vectorial nature of light in the simulation of the focusing is of great importance.

MIC.0003, high-NA, vectorial effects, vectorial component, VirtualLab Fusion, LightTrans

Use Cases

We construct an angular-filtering volume grating and apply it in a system to suppress the undesired higher diffraction orders from a beam splitting DOE.

MIC.0025, Holographic grating, Volume grating, Angular sensitivity, Angular filter, Angular-filtering grating, DOE, Higher-order supression

Use Cases

A very typical detector within VirtualLab Fusion is the camera detector which generates a chromatic fields set. This use case demonstrates how easy it is to convert a set of chromatic fields sets into an animation from a parameter run.

MISC.0027, camera detector, chromatic fields set, animation, parameter run

Use Cases

In VirtualLab, the variation of parameters in an optical system is freely customizable using the programmable mode of the Parameter Run feature. We use a specific example to illustrate the application of this programmable mode.

CZT.0005, Parameter Run

Use Cases

VirtualLab Fusion provides a unified free-space propagation concept in the k-domain, together with automatic selection of proper Fourier transform techniques.

MISC.0001, Free-space, Propagation, Diffraction, Fourier transform, Fast Fourier transform, FFT, Semi-analytical Fourier transform, Homeomorphic Fourier transform

Use Cases

We use a HOE that combines the lens and axicon function to generate Bessel beam from the output of a single-mode fiber.

MISC.0088, Bessel beam, Axicon, Depth of focus, longitudinal focus, HOE

Use Cases

With the flexible channel configuration in VirtualLab Fusion, one can easily control the response of any surface and/or region, so to realize the desired modeling schemes.

MISC.0013, channels, channel configuration, non-sequential, tracing, waveguide, grating, surface, Using, Interfaces, VirtualLab, LightTrans

Use Cases

Non-sequential field tracing is done with two steps in VirtualLab Fusion. Firstly, according to an adjustable accuracy factor, the light path through the system is detected. This light path finding can be controlled by the corresponding accuracy factor.

MISC.0052, Non-sequential, field tracing, light path, Channel Resolution Accuracy

Use Cases

By taking a fluorescent microscope as example, we analyze the chromatic effect for the high-NA objective lens, at the emitting wavelength and illumination wavelength, respectively.

MIC.0004, Microscopy, Microscope, Objective lens, High-NA, Vectorial, Polarization, Resolution, Chromatic, Wavelength

Use Cases

It is demonstrated that the fringe contrast in a Michelson interferometer with a light source of certain bandwidth varies when the optical path difference changes.

IFO.0002, Coherence Measurement, Michelson Interferometer, Fourier Transform, Spectroscopy

Use Cases

High-power laser diodes often exhibit asymmetric divergence and astigmatism. Collimation of such a laser diode is investigated with both ray tracing and field tracing.

MISC.0029, Collimation, Astigmatic Diode Laser Beam, Laser Beam, Objective Lens, Laser Systems, Beam Delivery

Use Cases

We show how to build up a shearing interferometer for the testing of laser beam collimation. By changing the collimation lens system, we observe the change in the interference fringes.

IFO.0013, Shearing interferometry, Shearing interferometer, Interference, Fringe, Beam expansion, Collimation testing, Non-sequential

Use Cases

For the task of coupling light into a single-mode fiber, two commercially available lenses are selected, and their performance are evaluated by using the overlap integral.

FCP.0002, Lens, Fiber, Fiber Coupling, Efficiency, Zemax Import, Aspherical Lens, Beam Delivery, Laser Systems

Use Cases

In VirtualLab Fusion, grating structures are configured in a “stack”, which can be constructed with either a sequence of interfaces or special media, depending on the geometry of the grating. In this use case the configuration of grating structures based on interfaces is explained. 

GRT.0004, Configuration, Grating Structures, Using, Interfaces, VirtualLab, LightTrans

Use Cases

In the VirtualLab’s Grating Software Package grating structures can be configured by using a stack. In this use case the configuration of grating structures based on media is explained.

GRT.0005, Inclusion of Gratings, Imaging Systems, Configuration, Grating Structures, Media, Incusion of Gratings, Imaging Systems

Use Cases

In VirtualLab Fusion, complex 3D grating structures can be configured using stacks. This use case is focused on the configuration of grating structures which exhibit two-dimensional periodicity.

MISC.0050, Grating, 3D grating, pillar, cone, stack, grating structures, two-dimensional, periodicity

Use Cases

With the fast-physical-optics simulation technique in VirtualLab Fusion, conical refraction from a KGd crystal is demonstrated.

Conical Refraction, Biaxial Crystals, Crystal Modeling, Laser Systems

Use Cases

VirtualLab Fusion allows for the specification of a graded-index lens in a very user-friendly way. In addition, such index-modulated lenses can be analyzed by ray tracing as well as by field tracing.

GRIN.0001, Construction, Modeling, Graded-Index Lens, LightTrans, VirtualLab Fusion

Use Cases

This Use Case shows how to construct a pyramid-like surface by using the programmable surface in VirtualLab Fusion.

CZT.0042, truncated, pyramid, surface, VirtualLab, LightTrans

Use Cases

The Parameter Coupling feature of VirtualLab Fusion can be used to define the coupling of different parameters in an arbitrary optical setup, which helps create complex relations of these parameters.

CZT.0006, Parameter, Coupling, Katze, Fuchs

Use Cases

In this use case, VirtualLab Fusion’s visualization capability is illustrated. All users with various backgrounds may configure visualization setting on the GUI level.

MISC.0061, 1D view, y=f(x), axis, axes, graph, line, symbol, font size

Use Cases

We demonstrate how to use MATLAB to access the field solvers in VirtualLab Fusion, and use them together with MATLAB functions for analysis and optimization.

CPF.0001, Cross-Platform, Software, Batch, Interactive, Matlab, Parameter scan, Parametric optimization

Use Cases

We demonstrate how to use Python to access the field solvers in VirtualLab Fusion, and use them together with Python functions for further analysis.

CPF.0002, Cross-Platform, Software, Batch, Interactive, Python, Parameter scan

Use Cases

VirtualLab provides multiple tools to implement your custom sources, components, detectors etc. For documentation of such customized object the snippet help can be used.

CZT.0001, Programmable, Customizable Help, VirtualLab Fusion, LightTrans, Use Case

Use Cases

We present a customized detector which calculates the grating diffraction efficiencies over a user-defined incident-angle range, and also delivers the mean value and contrast of the efficiencies.

CZT.0107, detector, lightguide, coupling, grating, customized, VirtualLab, LightTrans

Use Cases

A module in VirtualLab Fusion is generated to calculate the range of the period of a coupling grating, so as to fulfill the guiding condition of lightguides.

CZT.0108, Customized Module, Grating, Period, Calculation, Lightguides

Use Cases

A physical-optics-based simulation of Czerny-Turner setup, which consists of parabolic mirrors and blazed grating, is presented.

Czerny-Turner, Monochromator, Monochromators, Optical Metrology

Use Cases

Data is often stored in the form of .txt, .csv, .bmp etc. VirtualLab Fusion supports to import these data forms and store them into Data Array. VirtualLab Fusion supports also to save and load the settings of the import for multiple import sessions.

MISC.0025, import, data forms, Data Array, import sessions

Use Cases

A flash LiDAR system, consisting of array of sources, collimation lens system, and diffractive grating, is constructed and its working principle is shown in both the spatial and the spatial frequency domains.

MISC.0087, LiDAR, Detection, Measurement, 3D reconstruction, AR, Array of source, Grating, Beam splitting

Use Cases

We build up an imaging system, use metal-grid gratings as the test objects, and demonstrate Abbe’s theory on image formation with VirtualLab Fusion.

MIC.0009, Resolution, Abbe, Image formation, Imaging, Microscope, Grating, Diffraction, Interference, Fourier plane, Fourier image

Use Cases

We show how to import an intraocular diffractive lens design from Zemax OpticStudio® into VirtualLab Fusion, model it with the actual binary structure, and optimize the structure height for better performance.

DFL.0001, Diffractive lens, Intraocular lens, Wavefront phase, Binary surface, Diffraction, Efficiency

Use Cases

Fourier modal method (FMM) is applied for the rigorous evaluation of non-paraxial diffractive beam splitters, which are initially designed by using IFTA and thin-element approximation.

DOE.0004, Design, Rigorous Analysis, Non-Paraxial Diffractive Beam Splitter, Beam Splitter, Diffractive Optics, Light Shaping, Grating, Fourier modal method, FMM, Rigorous coupled wave analysis, RCWA

Use Cases

We design a 2D metagrating for beam splitting. The metagrating is constructed, analyzed, and further optimized in VirtualLab Fusion, especially in terms of the uniformity of the diffraction efficiencies.

GRT.0021, Metagrating, Grating, Nano pillar, Beam splitting, Beam splitter, Non-Paraxial, Diffraction efficiency, Polarization, Optimization

Use Cases

Two diffractive diffusers, with continuous or discrete phase, for generating a LightTrans trademark are designed, and their performance is investigated.

DOE.0003, Design, Diffractive Diffuser, LightTrans Mark, Diffusers, Light Shaping

Use Cases

Designing of high-NA dot-projection system is of great practical use. In this example, a single phase plate for generating a 24,000 dots random pattern is designed.

VirtualLab, LightTrans, high-na, beam splitter, random pattern

Use Cases

With the user-friendly design tools in VirtualLab, a refractive beam shaper for shaping a fundamental Gaussian beam into top-hat profile is designed and analyzed.

MISC.0004,Refractive, Beam Shaper, Circular Top-Hat, Refractive Optics, Light Shaping

Use Cases

The iterative Fourier transform algorithm (IFTA) in VirtualLab Fusion enables customized beam splitters design with high efficiency and flexibility.

DOE.0002, IFTA, Beam Splitter, 2D Light Mark, Diffractive Optics, Light Shaping

Use Cases

A physical-optics-based simulation of Czerny-Turner setup, which consists of parabolic mirrors and blazed grating, is presented.

Czerny-Turner, Analysis, Diffraction, Efficiency, Monochromators, Optical Metrology

Use Cases

It is demonstrated that the energy densities at the tube lens and at the image plane are influenced by the diffraction of the aperture in the microscopy system.

MIC.0017, High-NA, Focusing, Objective Lens, Microscope, Aperture Difffraction, PSF

Use Cases

This use case demonstrates how the diffracted pattern changes when the reflection-type beam splitter (designed for normal incidence) rotates.

DOE.0001, Diffraction pattern, Diffractive beam splitter, Tilt, Rotation, Parabasal thin element approximation, Diffracted pattern, Zeroth order, Zeroth order error

Use Cases

With the advanced propagation technology in VirtualLab Fusion, we calculate the diffraction patterns for apertures with different shapes and study the property of diffraction.

MISC.0008, Aperture, Near field, Far field, Diffraction, Diffraction integral, Polygon, Programmable function

Use Cases

We construct a passive parity-time grating and analyze its diffraction property with respect to selected grating parameters and the polarization of light.

GRT.0018, Parity-Time symmetry, PT symmetry, PT grating, Diffraction, Efficiency, Fourier modal method, FMM, RCWA

Use Cases

It is demonstrated that the double helix PSF rotates when there is only a small defocus of the object point.

MIC.0019, High-NA, Objective Lens, Microscope, Double Helix, PSF

Use Cases

With the Electromagnetic Field Detector the user can access the fully vectorial electromagnetic field at any given plane in the system. We explain here how to handle this detector.

MISC.0035, Electromagnetic Field Detector, vectorial

Use Cases

With the perfectly matched layers (PMLs) technique, the interaction between a focused Gaussian beam and nanocylinders with varying diameters is investigated.

MISC.0045, Nanocylinder, Electromagnetic field, Maxwell, Rigorous, Perfectly matched layers, PML, Scattering

Use Cases

An optical metrology system with a silica spaced etalon is set up to measure the sodium D lines in VirtualLab Fusion, and the influence from the coating reflectance is investigated.

IFO.0012, Sodium D Lines, Etalon, Optical Metrology, Spectrometer, Fabry-Pérot

Use Cases

This document shows a programmable module that can export any kind of Harmonic Fields Set into ASCII files.

CZT.0013, export, harmonic fields, ascii, VirtualLab, LightTrans

Use Cases

VirtualLab Fusion can export smooth and quantized interfaces, as well as mirror/prism/grating cells arrays into various file formats, e.g., STL and GDSII file format.

MISC.0065, Export, Fabrication Data, Feature Use Case, Light Shaping, Refractive Optics

Use Cases

Variation of parameters of an optical system can be done by using VirtualLab Fusion’s parameter run. In this use case the export of the provided results of the parameter run is explained.

MISC.0064, parameter run

Use Cases

VirtualLab Fusion supports the export of optical components specified in the system into various CAD formats. This includes for example the export of lenses, prisms, mirror systems and other components into STL and in IGES format.

MISC.0009, Export, Systems, Components, STL, IGES, Format, LightTrans, VirtualLab Fusion

Use Cases

The propagation of a 5-fs pulse through seawater is studied in VirtualLab Fusion. The broadening of the pulse and the change in its temporal profile due to dispersion of the material are shown.

MISC.0042, Femtosecond Pulse, Propagation, Dispersive Sweater, fs pulse modeling, Laser Systems

Use Cases

A Fizeau interferometer is set up with the help of non-sequential field tracing technology, and the interference fringes from several different test surfaces are shown.

IFO.0009, Fizeau Interferometer, Optical Testing, non-sequential

Use Cases

In optical modeling, a finite region is often used as the area for further operation. VirtualLab Fusion supports to generate regions in different manners with great ease.

MISC.0026, finite region, analytic region, sampled region

Use Cases

Several typical wavefront aberrations are selected as examples, and their corresponding focal spots are investigated with varying parameters.

MISC.0002, Free-space, Propagation, Diffraction, Fourier transform, Aberration, Defocus, Astigmatism, Coma, Trefoil

Use Cases

A laser diode with asymmetric divergence and astigmatism is first collimated and then focused. Evolution of the field in the focal region is investigated in detail.

MISC.0030, Focus Investigation, Aspherical Lens, Beam Delivery, Laser Systems

Use Cases

We demonstrate in VirtualLab Fusion the focusing of electromagnetic fields with properly designed apertures.

MISC.0081, Focusing System, Cascade Apertures, Parameter Overview, Parameter Run, Diffraction in System

Use Cases

It is demonstrated that the focusing of cylindrical vector beams. The vectorial effects of radially and azimuthally beams are demonstrated.

MIC.0013, High-NA, Focusing, Objective Lens, Microscope, Cylindrical Vector Beam, Radially Polarized, Azimuthally Polarized

Use Cases

The focusing process of a 10 fs pulse by using a high-NA parabolic mirror is modeled in VirtualLab Fusion, and both the spatial and temporal behaviors are investigated.

MISC.0044, Focusing, Femtosecond Pulse, High-NA, Off-Axis, Parabolic Mirror, fs pulse modeling, Laser Systems

Use Cases

It is demonstrated that the focusing of high order Gaussian-Laguerre beam generates donut-shaped PSF. The size of donut-shaped PSF can be adjusted by different high orders.

MIC.0014, High-NA, Focusing, Objective Lens, Microscope, STED, Gaussian-Laguerre Beam

Use Cases

As one of the most fundamental technologies in VirtualLab Fusion, Fourier transforms connect the space and spatial frequency domains. We discuss the Fourier transforms settings at different examples and show the consequences.

MISC.0003, Fourier transform, Fast Fourier transform, Semi-analytical Fourier transform, Pointwise Fourier transform, Diffraction, Pinhole, Gaussian beam

Use Cases

With a low-coherence Xenon lamp source, a Michelson interferometer is built up for precise scanning of the surface profile of a given specimen.

IFO.0004, Optical Topography, Scanning, Interferometry, Optical Metrology

Use Cases

This use case shows the variation of the focal length of the thermal lens, as well as the focus beam diameter when the input power changes [W. Koechner, Appl. Opt. 9, 2548–2553 (1970)]. This example is published in [H. Zhong, J. Opt. Soc. Am. A 35].

GRIN.0004, Thermal Lens, Programmable Medium, Beam Parameters

Use Cases

We demonstrate the generation of optical beams carrying OAM by using spiral phase plates with different parameters.

MISC.0085, Orbital angular momentum, OAM, Spiral phase plate, Helical phase, Microstructure surface

Use Cases

With a Mach-Zehnder interferometer setup with two rotatable polarizers, we demonstrate the generation of spatially varying polarization.

IFO.0007, Spatially Varying, Polarization, Interference, Polarized Light

Use Cases

Following the idea of T. Wang et al., Appl. Phys. B 122:231 (2016), this use case demonstrates a Sagnac-interferometer scheme to generate vector beam.

IFO.0018, Vector beam, Interferometer, Sagnac-Interferometer, Quarter-wave plate, Spatial light modulator, SLM, Spiral phase

Use Cases

A workflow is presented for how to optimize a grating structure regarding a specified merit function using VirtualLab Fusion and the optimization software optiSLang.

LGC.0004, grating, optimization, VirtualLab Fusion, optiSLang

Use Cases

In VirtualLab Fusion, the Grating Order Analyzer can be used for convenient grating diffraction analysis, with results presented in various ways.

GRT.0002, Rayleigh coefficients, Feature, Grating order, analyzer, analyser, Imaging Systems, Inclusion of Gratings, Diffraction efficiency, Conical diffraction

Use Cases

We set up a pulse stretcher consisting of two diffractive gratings and investigate the pulse broadening effect induced by the interaction of the pulse with the gratings.

MISC.0076, Pulse, Ultrashort pulse, Pulse broadening, Stretcher, Compressor, Grating, Grating pair, Spatiotemporal, Spectral phase

Use Cases

Kirkpatrick-Baez mirrors focus the grazing-incident x-ray field into a nanometer-scale spot. This use case shows Kirkpatrick-Baez mirrors' analytical design procedure and the diffraction pattern in the focal region.

MISC.0089, X-Ray Imaging, Kirkpatrick–Baez Mirrors, KB Mirrors, Focal Spot

Use Cases

A Herrig Schiefspiegler telescope with two mirrors, but with four reflections in a double-pass configuration, is modeled with the non-sequential ray and field tracing techniques in VirtualLab Fusion.

MISC.0053, Herrig Schiefspiegler Telescopes, Advanced PSF & MTF, Imaging Systems

Use Cases

In high-NA focusing situations, e.g. with parabolic mirror, it is demonstrated that input fields with different polarizations leads to different focal spots.

MISC.0020, High-NA, Focusing, Off-Axis Parabolic Mirror, Advanced PSF & MTF, Imaging Systems

Use Cases

A two diffractive beam splitter system for high-NA pattern generation is designed with IFTA, and the system performance is investigated, especially with the non-paraxial splitter analyzed by using FMM.

High-NA, Pattern Generation, Combining, Two Beam Splitter Elements, Virtual Reality, Mixed Reality, VR, MR

Use Cases

Using laterally shifted modes is one possible strategy to mimic partial spatial coherence. In this tutorial we show you how to manipulate the positions of the source modes via programming.

CZT.0106, source modes, programming, spatial coherence, programmable, Lighttrans, use case, virtuallab

Use Cases

With the panel-type source in VirtualLab it is possible to model a pixelated display, with the pixel pitch and the number of pixels as free parameters for the user to fix.

MISC.0068, Panel-Type, Source, Set Up, Customization

Use Cases

The scanning source in VirtualLab Fusion defines a multi-mode source that radiates into several pre-defined directions, which is of help for e.g. the modeling and evaluation of a laser scanning system.

MISC.0066, Scanning, Source, Scanning system, Field of view, Parameter Run

Use Cases

In this tutorial we explain the basics of working with the C# Module: one of the most flexible, most advanced programmable items in VirtualLab Fusion!

CZT.0101, programmable, VirtualLab, LightTrans, c#

Use Cases

The Programmable Component is one of the most versatile programmable elements in VirtualLab. Follow this tutorial for instructions on a first contact with this feature!

CZT.0102, programmable component, ideal grating, VirtualLab, LightTrans

Use Cases

In this tutorial we show how to work with the Programmable Detector, one of the most versatile customizable elements in VirtualLab Fusion.

CZT.0098, programmable, VirtualLab, LightTrans, Detector

Use Cases

In this document we explain how to work with the Programmable Function, using the example of a cylindrical lens.

CZT.0099, Configuration, Grating Structures, Using, Interfaces, VirtualLab, LightTrans

Use Cases

In this document we explain how to work with the Programmable Interface, using the example of a simple spherical surface.

CZT.0096, programmable interface, spherical surface, Interfaces, VirtualLab, LightTrans

Use Cases

In this document we show you how to work with the Programmable Source: a means to define the spatial dependence of a custom basic source mode. We use the Gaussian as an example.

CZT.0097, light source, programmable, VirtualLab, LightTrans, gaussian beam

Use Cases

In this detailed tutorial we explain how to create your own custom materials (refractive index with respect to wavelength) in VirtualLab Fusion.

CZT.0103, programmable material, refractive index, custom materials, linear dependence

Use Cases

In this detailed tutorial we explain how to create your own custom media (dependence of refractive index on position) in VirtualLab Fusion.

CZT.0104, programmable medium, thermal lens, refractive index, custom media

Use Cases

Discover how to create your own custom spectra via programming in VirtualLab Fusion with this in-depth tutorial on the topic, rounded up with a basic hands-on example.

CZT.0095, programmable spectrum, black-box radiation, VirtualLab, LightTrans

Use Cases

A high-NA microscope for imaging of sub-wavelength grating is build up, and the influences from illumination with linear, radial, and azimuthal polarizations is investigated.

Imaging, Sub-Wavelength, Gratings, Vector Beam Illumination, Microscopy, Optical Metrology

Use Cases

Chromatic fields set are standard documents to show a light distribution in VirtualLab Fusion. This use case demonstrates the options for import and export chromatic fields sets.

MISC.0056, Chromatic fields, light distribution, import, export

Use Cases

VirtualLab Fusion can import the beam files from Zemax OpticStudio®, convert it into electromagnetic field information automatically, and support further propagation of the imported field.

CPF.0004, Zemax, OpticStudio, Import, Beam file

Use Cases

The import of a bitmap file, which contains height data of a microstructure is demonstrated. This example provides a step-by-step explanation of the required workflow in VirtualLab Fusion.

SWF.0001, Import, Bitmap file, Height Data, Microstructure

Use Cases

In this use case, we illustrate the workflow of how to import complex material data into VirtualLab Fusion’s material catalog.

Import, Material Data, SWF.0002 

Use Cases

VirtualLab Fusion allows the import of optical systems with the full 3D position information and glasses from Zemax OpticStudio®, and provides field tracing for further investigation of the imported system.

CPF.0003, Import, Optical Systems, Zemax OpticStudio, LightTrans, VirtualLab

Use Cases

The ghost image effect in a collimation lens system is investigated, by checking the reflections between uncoated surfaces with the non-sequential tracing technique.

MISC.0021,Investigation, Ghost Imaging Effects, Collimation System, Ghost Images, Imaging Systems

Use Cases

We use the Debye-Wolf integral calculator in VirtualLab Fusion for vectorial focal field investigation with different parameters.

MIC.0001, Microscopy, Microscope, Objective lens, Vectorial, Polarization, High-NA, Debye-Wolf integral, Resolution

Use Cases

For a diffractive beam shaper used together with focusing lens, the influence from lens aberrations on the system performance is investigated.

MISC.0017, Lens Aberrations, SLM, Beam Shaping, Setup, Diffractive Optics, Light Shaping

Use Cases

VirtualLab Fusion enables the detailed analysis of grating structures, with possible changes in the polarization state of the diffracted orders taken into consideration.

GRT.0008, Investigation, Polarization, State, Diffraction Orders, VirtualLab, LightTrans, Polarization Conversion, Sub-Wavelength, Fourier Modal Method, FMM, Rigorous Coupled Wave Analysis, RCWA

Use Cases

A spatial filtering system with a pinhole is modeled in VirtualLab Fusion. We demonstrate how the opening of the pinhole influences the output beam quality.

MISC.0082, Spatial filter, Beam clean-up, Fourier plane, Pinhole, Beam quality, Diffraction, Fourier transform

Use Cases

A Michelson interferometer is set up with the help of non-sequential tracing technology in VirtualLab Fusion, and the interference fringes in different configurations are demonstrated.

IFO.0001, Laser-Based, Michelson Interferometer, Interference Fringe Exploration

Use Cases

In VirtualLab Fusion you can export a summary of all system parameters in the light path diagram into an XML File. This use case shows how to export the parameters and how to visualize the parameters.

MISC.0028, export, summary, all system parameters, light path diagram, XML, export parameters

Use Cases

As one important issue for near-eye display (NED) design, the propagation of light through waveguide structure with tailored in- and outcoupling gratings can be easily modeled with the help of region and channel concept in VirtualLab Fusion.

Light Propagation, Waveguide, Light Propagation ,In- & Outcoupling Surface Gratings, Gratings, Near-eye displays, Waveguide HUDs, Virtual & Mixed Reality

Use Cases

We build up a Mach-Zehnder interferometer in VirtualLab Fusion and demonstrate how the tilt and shift of component affect the interference fringe.

IFO.0005, Mach-Zehnder, Interferometer, Coherent Light, Interferometry, Optical Metrology

Use Cases

We build an optical setup, with two freeform optical elements, to transform orbital angular momentum (OAM) to linear one, for its measurement.

MISC.0086, Orbital angular momentum, OAM, Telecommunication, Encoding, Decoding, Freeform

Use Cases

Based on selected examples, we show how to construct and configure metagrating structure and materials in VirtualLab Fusion.

GRT.0022, Metagrating, Pillars, Square pillar, cylindrical pillar, Diffraction, Fourier modal method, FMM, RCWA

Use Cases

It is demonstrated that the contrast of the structured illumination pattern is influenced by the polarization of the incident beam.

MIC.0015, High-NA, Focusing, Objective Lens, Microscope, Structured Illumination

Use Cases

With the Mie solution for an electromagnetic plane wave in VirtualLab Fusion, we investigate the scattering effect of spherical particles with different radii and made of different materials.

MISC.0070, Mie solution, Mie scattering, Rayleigh scattering, Maxwell, Scattering, Scatter, Spherical particle, Rigorous, Electromagnetic field

Use Cases

We design and construct a blazed metagrating in VirtualLab Fusion using square nano pillars, analyze its polarization-dependent diffraction efficiency, and further optimize it.

GRT.0020, Metagrating, Grating, Nano pillar, Diffraction efficiency, Polarization, Optimization

Use Cases

A hybrid eyepiece with a diffractive lens surface for correcting chromatic aberration is imported from Zemax OpticStudio® and analyzed further in VirtualLab Fusion, notably including the modeling of the actual diffractive surface structures with different quantization schemes.

DFL.0002, Diffractive lens, Wavefront phase, Chromatic aberration, Quantization, Quantized surface, Diffraction, Efficiency

Use Cases

An image projection system is set up using the panel-type source. The performance of the system is evaluated by observing the spot grid in both the spatial and angular domains.

Image, Projection, Panel-Type, Display

Use Cases

We model the generation of Bessel beams with axicon with round tip and investigate how the round tip may influence the Bessel beam evolution.

MISC.0009, Bessel beam, Non-diffraction, Axicon, Round tip, Transmission function

Use Cases

We set up optical etalons with both planar and curved surfaces. With the non-sequential field tracing technique, the differences in the interference fringes are investigated.

IFO.0011, Etalon, Interference, Multiple reflection, Curved surface, Tilt, Tilted surface, Non-sequential

Use Cases

In VirtualLab Fusion, we perform a fully physical-optics modeling of a Graded-index lens system, which includes the polarization crosstalk effects.

GRIN.0002, Modeling, GRIN, Graded-Index, Lens, PSF, MTF, Polarization Crosstalk

Use Cases

A fast approach for light propagation through a GRIN medium, which includes the polarization crosstalk effect, is implemented, and its validity and advantages are shown in comparison with a rigorous solver.

GRIN.0003, Modeling, GRIN, Graded-Index, Multimode Fiber, Beam Delivery, Laser Systems

Use Cases

With the help of typical examples, we explain how to model grating within system and discuss topics like alignment of gratings, grating order selection, and angular response setting.

MISC.0005, Grating, Gratings in system, Diffraction, Grating order channel,

Use Cases

The imaging properties of microlens array with different lens shapes are investigated. Change of the focal spots with respect to aberration of input field is demonstrated.

Modeling of Microlens Array with Different Lens Shapes, Microlens and microcell arrays, Light Shaping

Use Cases

We demonstrate the Talbot effect, which is a well-known near field diffraction effect from periodic structures such as gratings.

MISC.0078, Talbot effect, Talbot distance, Talbot image, Talbot carpet, Transmission function, 1D, 2D, Periodic grating, Diffraction, Near field

Use Cases

We illustrate the modeling of a total internal reflection (TIR) prism. Dependent on the characteristics of the impinging light, vignetting as well as interference effects are appearing, which are introduced by the narrow gap between both prism parts.

IFO.0017, Total Internal Reflection, TIR, Prism

Use Cases

A module is programmed to measure the FFT execution time for a quadratic field with different numbers of sampling points, in float and/or double precision.

CZT.0014, fft, measurement, fourier transform, VirtualLab, LightTrans

Use Cases

By using the non-sequential tracing technique in VirtualLab, the ray tracing analysis of a glass plate is performed.

MISC.0043, Non-sequential, Ray Tracing, Glass Plate, Near-eye display, Virtual & Mixed Realtiy, Waveguide HUDs

Use Cases

A Mach-Zehnder interferometer with a coherent laser source is build up in VirtualLab Fusion and analyzed by using the non-sequential Field Tracing. The different behavior of an idealized and a prism beam splitter is investigated, and the complementary interference pattern caused by the relative phase shift is demonstrated.

IFO.0016, Mach Zehnder, interferometry, Prism Beam Splitter

Use Cases

Gouy phase shift, which is a p phase term, can be observed by a Mach-Zehnder interferometer. The interference along optical axis is constructive before focus, while destructive behind focus.

IFO.0006, Observation, Gouy Phase Shift, Mach-Zehnder Interferometer, interferometry

Use Cases

The vital role of diffraction in the Poisson-spot experiment provided proof of the wavelike nature of light. We perform here a simulation of this key experiment.

MISC.0072, Poisson spot, Arago spot, Diffraction, Aperture, Stop

Use Cases

A complete wafer inspection system including high-NA focusing effect and light interaction with microstructures is modeled, and the formation of image is demonstrated.

Optical System, Inspection, Micro-Structured Wafer, Inclusion of Gratings, Imaging Systems

Use Cases

In this example, we select one commercially available lens and show how to find the optimal working distance to obtain maximum fiber coupling efficiency by using field tracing.

FCP.0001, Single-Mode fibers, Coupling Light, Efficiency, Fibers, VirtualLab Fusion, LightTrans

Use Cases

With the rigorous Fourier modal method (FMM) in VirtualLab Fusion and the evolutionary algorithm in optiSLang, we demonstrate the optimization of a binary grating for waveguide coupling for the desired field of view (FOV).

LGC.0003, Optimization, Binary Grating, Lightguide Coupling, FOV

Use Cases

We demonstrate the design workflow for optimizing a rectangular grating for one specific incidence direction to obtain maximum efficiency for a specific diffraction order.

GRT.0010, Optimization, Lightguide Coupling, Grating, Single Direction, Rectangular Grating, Fourier Modal Method, FMM, Efficiency

Use Cases

We optimize a slanted grating for waveguide coupling over desired field of view (FOV), by using VirtualLab Fusion and optiSLang in combination.

LGC.0005, slanted grating, FOV, lightguide coupling, optislang, VirtualLab Fusion

Use Cases

To ensure uniform multiple waveguide output channels, the outcoupling gratings are optimized, with their efficiencies calculated by the rigorous Fourier modal method.

Optimizing, Waveguide, Outcoupling Gratings, Uniform Multiple Channels, Near-eye displays, Waveguide HUDs, Virtual & Mixed Reality

Use Cases

In this use case we will explain the advanced orientation setting for gratings within a grating region. Currently grating regions are only available within the waveguide toolbox.

MISC.0059, advanced orientation setting, grating region, waveguide toolbox

Use Cases

With the Fourier modal method (FMM) as the kernel on which parametric optimization is then applied, a slanted grating is designed to achieve high diffraction efficiency for coupling light into waveguides. Fabrication tolerances including rounded edges are analyzed.

GRT.0007, Parametric, Optimization, Tolerance Analysis, Slanted Gratings, Inclusion of Gratings, Imaging Systems, Coupling, Waveguide, Slant Angle, Fill Factor, Fourier Modal Method, FMM, Rigorous Coupled Wave Analysis, RCWA, Rounded edge, Integral method

Use Cases

In VirtualLab Fusion, users can easily construct a two-mirror laser resonator, and use parametric optimization to design this resonator to generate a desired output mode.

MISC.0014, two-mirror, laser resonator, parametric optimization

Use Cases

With the parametric optimization in VirtualLab Fusion, the design of a fiber coupling lens with conical surface, for efficient coupling into a single-mode fiber is presented.

FCP.0003, Parametric Optimization, Fiber, Fiber Coupling, Efficiency, Lens, Beam Delivery, Laser Systems

Use Cases

A scanning system consisting a dual-axis galvanometer and an aspherial focusing lens is modeled, with the rotation of the mirrors taken into simulation as in the practical case.

MISC.0041, Performance Analysis, Laser Scanning System, Scanning Systems, Laser Systems

Use Cases

With the scanning source in VirtualLab Fusion, we analyze the performance of an F-Theta lens, by measuring the focal spot position deviation and the spot size for different scan angles.

MISC.0067, Evaluation, F-Theta, F-Theta lens, Scanning, Scanning lens

Use Cases

With the flexible Fourier transform settings in VirtualLab Fusion, we model the diffraction effect from surface apertures and pinholes in a low-Fresnel-number system.

MISC.0080, Pinhole, Aperture, Diffraction, Diffraction in system, Low Fresnel number, paraxial, Focal spot, Exit pupil diffraction

Use Cases

The conversion of polarization of a linearly polarized light in calcite crystal is demonstrated in VirtualLab.

Polarization Conversion, Uniaxial Crystals, Crystal Modeling, Laser Systems

Use Cases

We construct a binary grating with sub-wavelength structure following the principle of form birefringence and demonstrate its polarization-dependent properties.

GRT.0027, Resonant gratings, Polarization, Polarization-dependent, Fourier modal method, FMM, RCWA

Use Cases

To model polarizer used in non-paraxial cases, an idealized model is implemented in VirtualLab, and the effect of a polarizer in the focal region is presented.

Polarizer, Focal Regions, Crystal Modeling, Laser Systems

Use Cases

In VirtualLab Fusion, users can select which information of position and orientation to be shown. This use case shows how to set up the position and orientation information display in a Light Path View.

MISC.0015, position, orientation, information display, Light Path View

Use Cases

We demonstrate the Goos-Hänchen shift for a dielectric slab with weak absorption, by measuring the lateral shift of the reflected beam with respect to the incidence angle.

MISC.0084, Goos-Hänchen shift, Reflection, Surface, Interface, Slab

Use Cases

In this programming example, we present some functions which were used in the Classic Field Tracing engine to propagate an electromagnetic field that was represented in an equidistantly sampled form.

CZT.0048, programmable component, free-space propagation, VirtualLab, LightTrans

Use Cases

We show how to use a Programmable Grating Analyzer to access the grating diffraction information, to display it, and to use it for further analysisor optimization.

CZT.0109, Grating, Diffraction efficiency, Customization, Programming, Programmable, Parameter run

Use Cases

This example shows how to use Programmable Pulse Spectrum to generate a chirped Gaussian pulse, with the pulse specification given in time domain.

CZT.0039, programmable, VirtualLab, LightTrans, gaussian pulse spectrum, gaussian

Use Cases

Based on the fully vectorial electromagnetic field information, a Programmable Detector is done for the calculation of the degree of coherence.

CZT.0052, programmable, VirtualLab, LightTrans, Detector, Coherence, Coherence Detector

Use Cases

Based on the full field information, and together with the Programmable Detector, several typically used merit functions in diffractive optics are realized in this example.

CZT.0053, programmable, VirtualLab, LightTrans, detector, diffractive, merit

Use Cases

This example illustrate the access on field values in a Programmable Detector via source code, and it calculates the sum of all squared amplitudes on the optical axis including all field components.

CZT.0054, detector, square amplitude, optical axis, Lighttrans, use case, virtuallab

Use Cases

A Programmable Detector is constructed for saving a light distribution (harmonic fields set) to the desired file path on the hard disk.

CZT.0063, programming detector, automatically, save fields, programmable detector , VirtualLab, LightTrans

Use Cases

In this programming example we illustrate how to code a transmission function that imitates an opaque screen punctured by two round holes.

CZT.0029, programming, double pinhole, transmission, VirtualLab, LightTrans

Use Cases

An example snippet is presented for defining a double slit function, with customizable slit width and distance in between.

CZT.0030, programmable, double slit, programming, fourier, VirtualLab, LightTrans

Use Cases

This example shows how to realize an array of micro-lenses on a rectangular grid by using the Programmable Interface in VirtualLab.

CZT.0037, Programming, Micro-Lens Array, VirtualLab, LightTrans

Use Cases

Gauging the accuracy of a given result is fundamental in science and engineering. In this use case we show you how to program a module to compute the standard deviation between two fields.

CZT.0009, programmable, VirtualLab, LightTrans, standard deviation, harmonic fields

Use Cases

This programmable module is designed to be applied to the sharp result of a designed structure, and it will round off the edges according to user-specified values.

CZT, CZT.0024, programmable, VirtualLab, LightTrans, module, tolerance, edge, rounding, smoothing, structure

Use Cases

In this document you can find an example for the Programmable Function which defines an arbitrary number of equidistant slits with an arbitrary width and distance.

CZT.0059, programming, multiple slit, transmission, function, VirtualLab, LightTrans

Use Cases

A convex-plano single lens is analyzed by scanning over the radius of curvature and its thickness with the Programmable Parameter Run in VirtualLab Fusion.

CZT.0043, scanning, parameter run, programming, VirtualLab Fusion, LightTrans, use case

Use Cases

In this document you can find an example for the Programmable Interface. Although the sinusoidal surface is provided ready-made in the catalog, we show you how to code it for illustration purposes.

CZT.0078, sinusoidal surface, VirtualLab, LightTrans,

Use Cases

In this example, the generation of sinusoidal volume grating is demonstrated, with the grating period and the refractive index modulation as user-defined parameters.

CZT.0069, Programming, Sinusoidal, Volume Grating, refractive index

Use Cases

This document shows a customizable spectral band filter in a system with a Gaussian pulse with a homogeneous spectrum.

CZT.0060, programming, spectral, band, filter, ASCII, VirtualLab, LightTrans

Use Cases

A truncated cone structure is generated using the Programmable Interface, with its specifications (height, top/base diameter) as user-defined parameters.

CZT.0041, Programming, Truncated Cone, Surface, VirtualLab, LightTrans

Use Cases

Using the Programmable Interface in VirtualLab Fusion, an anamorphic surface is programmed and especially with the surface gradient analytically given.

CZT.0034, Programming, Anamorphic Surface, customized, customization, VirtualLab, LightTrans

Use Cases

In this programming example we illustrate how to use the Programmable Function in VirtualLab to create a custom idealised component that performs like an axicon.

CZT.0027, axicon, transmission, programming, VirtualLab Fusion, LightTrans

Use Cases

This example shows how to use a customized C# module to execute an IFTA design in VirtualLab Fusion.

CZT.0110, IFTA, Iterative Fourier transform algorithm, Module, Customization, Programming

Use Cases

See how to create a radially and an azimuthally polarized source, experimenting in the process with the programming of light sources and the potential of the Combined Light Source feature.

CZT.0105, light source, programmable, VirtualLab Fusion, LightTrans, radial azim, polarization

Use Cases

We investigate the relationship between the broadening of an ultrashort pulse and the dispersion of given materials that the pulse propagates through.

MISC.0074, Pulse, Ultrashort pulse, Pulse broadening, Pulse duration, Dispersion, Chirp, Envelope, Dispersion, Dispersive media, Linear Fitting, Residual Phase

Use Cases

We investigate the effects of subjecting an ultrashort pulse to propagation through a lens with high numerical aperture, in terms of its spatial, as well as of its temporal, profile.

MISC.0073, pulse, pulses, ultra-short pulse, ultra-short pulses, femtosecond pulses, femtosecond pulse, high-NA, high-NA lens, high numerical aperture, non-paraxial, laser, lens, spatio-temporal, field-tracing diagram

Use Cases

This Use Case demonstrates the characteristics of an ideal SSTF Setup including the effects of chirp.

USP.0006, Pulse-Front-Tilt, Simultaneously Spatial Temporal Focusing, Femtosecond Pulses

Use Cases

Following the Rayleigh criterion, we investigate the resolution of three microscope objective lenses with different numerical apertures.

MIC.0006, Microscopy, Microscope, Objective lens, Vectorial, Polarization, High-NA, Numerical aperture, Resolution, Rayleigh criterion

Use Cases

It is demonstrated that the resolution of a microscopy system depends on its numerical aperture.

MIC.0020, High-NA, Focusing, Objective Lens, Microscope, Abbe Criterion

Use Cases

A physical-optics-based simulation of Czerny-Turner setup consisting of parabolic mirrors and blazed grating for Sodium doublet examination, is investigated.

Czerny-Turner Setup, Resolving, Sodium Doublet, Spectrometers, Optical Metrology

Use Cases

With the Fourier modal method and the parametric optimization in VirtualLab Fusion, we demonstrate the analysis and design of anti-reflective moth-eye structures.

GRT.0011, Moth eye, Anti-reflective, Surface reflection, Grating, Diffraction efficiency, Fourier modal method, RCWA, Parametric optimization, VirtualLab, LightTrans

Use Cases

With the rigorous Fourier modal method (FMM), we analyze the effects, especially the phase modulation, of nanopillar structures with varying diameters - the building blocks of metalenses.

GRT.0012, Nanopillar, Nano-pillar, Metasurface, Meta-surface, Phase modulation, Grating, Diffraction efficiency, Fourier modal method, RCWA, VirtualLab, LightTrans

Use Cases

We apply the Fourier modal method (FMM / RCWA) within VirtualLab Fusion to analyze resonant waveguide gratings rigorously and demonstrate how to check the resonant effects with focused Gaussian beams.

GRT.0017, Resonant Waveguide Grating, Grating, Diffraction, Efficiency, Resonant mode, Fourier modal method, FMM, Rigorous coupled wave analysis, RCWA

Use Cases

A holographic volume grating is analyzed by using the Fourier modal method. Both the spectral and angular properties are presented.

GRT.0003, Simulation, Holographic, Volume Grating, FMM, Fourier modal method, Inclusion of Gratings, Imaging Systems

Use Cases

The scanning mode of the Parameter Run document generates a simulation series of all combinations of specified parameter variations and provides specifically suited output options.

MISC.0075, Parameter, Parameter scan, Variation, Tolerance analysis, Combination, Performance evaluation

Use Cases

Design of different types of cells arrays, which are used behind white light LED for generating customized patterns, are presented.

MISC.0012, Shaping, White Light, Prism, Grating, Mirror Cells Array, Microlens and microcell arrays, Light Shaping

Use Cases

When a linearly polarized beam is focused by a high-NA lens, the focal spot shows asymmetry due to the relatively strong Ez component.

MISC.0031, Simulation, Laser Beam, Focal Region, High-NA, Asphere, Beam Delivery, Laser Systems

Use Cases

When SLMs are often employed as programmable diffractive optical elements, the influence from the pixel gaps on the system performance is investigated.

MISC.0016, Diffraction of Pixels, SLM, Diffractive Optics, Light Shaping

Use Cases

A complex 2D exit pupil expander, which consist of both idealized and real gratings, is constructed and modeled, and the uniformity at the waveguide exit plane is presented.

Simulation, Waveguide, Complex 2D Exit Pupil Expansion, Near-eye displays, Waveguide HUDs, Virtual & Mixed Reality

Use Cases

Three types of gratings (modeled by phase-only transmissions) are employed in a single grating interferometer for the x-ray, and the self-images of the selected gratings are examined.

MISC.0079, Grating interferometer, Talbot-Lau interferometer, Talbot effect, Self-image, Self-imaging, Diffraction

Use Cases

We model a complete high-NA Fourier microscope system for single molecule imaging. Especially, we show the effect from e.g. Fresnel losses, diffraction due to aperture, and compare the simulation results with the reference.

MIC.0008, Microscopy, Microscope, Objective lens, Vectorial, Polarization, High-NA, Single molecule, Dipole, Fourier, Fourier microscopy

Use Cases

For optical elements, which cannot be found in the catalogs of VirtualLab Fusion, users are able to create them by using programmable objects, e.g., programmable source, interface, medium and detector. The programming language is C#. The source code editors is the most important structure of all programmable objects. This use case introduces the general structure of the source code editor.

CZT.0002, Catalogs, programmable objects, programmable source, interface, medium, detector, C#, c sharp, source code editor

Use Cases

In modern optical systems gratings often appear edged into or deposited onto other elements. Here we cover how to characterise their efficiencies rigorously or by inputting the values ad hoc.

MISC.0037, gratings, grating region

Use Cases

The waveguide component allow to define an arbitrary set of grating regions per surface. Per grating region several parameters can be defined. The user can specify a set of selected orders for each grating region.

MISC.0010, diffraction orders, VirtualLab Fusion, LightTrans, waveguide

Use Cases

By using an idealized non-paraxial polarizer model, the interaction of a polarizer with incident wave from different angles is investigated, and the results are characterized by Stokes parameters.

Stokes Parameters Measurement, Tilted Polarization, Crytal Modeling, Laser Systems

Use Cases

The stress-induced birefringence in a YAG crystal is investigated, by examining the change of output field with respect to the strength of stresses.

Stress-induced Birefringence, Laser Crystals, Crystal Modeling, Laser Systems

Use Cases

We demonstrate, according to T. Clausnitzer et al., how to build up a pulse stretching or compression system with two transmission gratings. Especially, we analyze the polarization dependency of such systems.

USP.0005, Pulse, Ultrashort pulse, Pulse broadening, Stretcher, Pulse compression, Grating, Gratings pair, Transmission gratings, Polarization independent grating

Use Cases

In VirtualLab Fusion the user can design phase functions, which works as beam shaper, beam splitter and diffuser. This use case shows the usage of the structure design tool, which can be used to convert the phase function into a height profile.

MISC.0060, beam shaper, beam splitter, diffuser, structure design tool

Use Cases

VirtualLab Fusion enables the user to build up an optical system once and analyze it with different tracing techniques. This use case demonstrates how the non-sequential analysis of your setup can be performed.

MISC.0054, System Analysis, Sequential Field Tracing, Non-Sequential Field Tracing, Feature Use Case, Near-eye displays, Virtual & Mixed Reality

Use Cases

With the region concept in VirtualLab Fusion, apertures with arbitrary shapes can be defined flexibly. Situations with fully and partially illuminated apertures are shown.

Tailored Light, Outcoupling, Glass Plate, Near-eye display, Waveguide HUDs, Virtual & Mixed Reality

Use Cases

A phase mask with a layer of cones is modeled in VirtualLab Fusion. Different Talbot images are detected such that the pillar patterns are in the primary image plane while the hole patterns in the secondary image plane.

GRT.0023, Talbot Image, Phase Mask, Grating, Lithography, Fourier modal method, FMM, RCWA

Use Cases

We apply both TEA and FMM (also known as RCWA) to analyze two types of gratings (sinusoidal and blazed) with varying period and compare the results from both methods.

GRT.0019, Grating, Thin element approximation, TEA, Fourier modal method, FMM, RCWA, Sinusoidal grating, Blazed grating

Use Cases

It is demonstrated that the PSF is distorted behind the coverslip of an immersion microscope.

MIC.0011, High-NA, Focusing, Objective Lens, Microscope, Immersion Microscope

Use Cases

It is demonstrated that the focal spot is aberrated for tight focusing through a coverslip, which is a stratified medium.

MIC.0012, High-NA, Focusing, Objective Lens, Microscope, Coverslip, Microscope, Stratified Medium

Use Cases

In a fiber coupling optical setup, the coupling efficiency is analyzed with respect to tolerance factors like the shift of fiber end position and the tilt of lens.

FCP.0004, Fibers, VirtualLab Fusion, LightTrans, Fiber Coupling, Efficiency, Tolerance, Sensitivity, Shift, Tilt

Use Cases

The polarization-dependent properties of ultra-sparse dielectric nanowire grids are analyzed by using the Fourier modal method (FMM, also known as RCWA).

GRT.0006, Ultrasparse, Dielectric, Nanowire, Grid, Polarizer, Inclusion of Gratings, Imaging Systems, Fourier modal method, FMM, Rigorous coupled wave analysis, RCWA

Use Cases

In the advanced imaging system, when the exit pupils are repeated, uniformity of the energy of these exit pupils is an important merit function to evaluate the quality of the optical system. This use case shows how to use the uniformity detector.

MISC.0047, imaging system, uniformity, merit function, uniformity detector

Use Cases

It is shown how to model the effect of unpolarized light, as the average of two orthogonal polarization states, for grating simulation in VirtualLab Fusion.

GRT.0024, Grating, Diffraction, Polarization, Unpolarized light, Incoherent sum, Incoherent average

Use Cases

The Camera Detector constitutes one of the most fundamental detectors in VirtualLab Fusion. Keep reading for an in-depth description of how to configure and use this detector in simulations.

MISC.0036, Camera Detector, visualize, energy density distribution, configuration

Use Cases

The Debye-Wolf integral calculator in VirtualLab Fusion computes the vectorial field near focus based on an idealized model, when the exact specifications of the objective lens are not known.

MIC.0002, Microscopy, Microscope, Vectorial, Polarization, Debye Wolf, Debye Wolf Integral

Use Cases

VirtualLab Fusion provides an analyzer for the distortion of an optical system that yields the standard representation of distortion versus angle.

MISC.0038, analyser, distortion, standard representation, angle, spherical lens

Use Cases

In VirtualLab Fusion, the field curvature of a lens component can be analyzed precisely, with the field curvature analyzer used. This use case shows how to set up the parameters in the field curvature analyzer.

MISC.0034, field curvature, curvature analyzer, field curvature analyzer, lens component, sagittal plane, tangential plane

Use Cases

The focal length is an important parameter to evaluate an imaging system. By using the Focal Length Analyzer, the effective and back focal length of optical components can be obtained and used with parametric optimization.

MISC.0011, focal length, analyzer, Optical Interface Sequence, OIS, VirtualLab, LightTrans

Use Cases

Point spread function (PSF) and modulation transfer function (MTF) are important optical quantities to evaluate the quality of an imaging system. In VirtualLab Fusion, PSF and MTF for an imaging system can be calculated fast and accurately.

MISC.0018, VirtualLab, LightTrans, PSF, MTF, Detector

Use Cases

Using the Parameter Run in VirtualLab Fusion, one can specify the varying range of selected parameters flexibly, so as to perform system analysis, e.g. tolerancing.

MISC.0071, Parameter Run, Tolerance, Tolerancing, Sensitivity, scanning, Parameters

Use Cases

An interferometric setup is built up with SLM, apertures, quarter-wave plates, and grating, in a 4f lens system. Using this setup, we demonstrate the generation of cylindrical vector beams.

IFO.0014, Vector beam, Radial polarization, Azimuthal polarization, Interferometer, Interference, Vortex, Quarter-wave plate, Spatial light modulator, SLM

Use Cases

In lens design, the aberration information in the lens system is important for the optimization process. In VirtualLab Fusion, detectors for different kinds of wave aberration representation are provided.

MISC.0051, lens design, aberration information, optimization, wave aberration

Use Cases

Wavefront error is defined as the difference between the reference wavefront phase, which is a constant phase or spherical phase, and the detected wavefront phase of one optical system. This use case shows how to handle a wavefront error detector in VirtualLab Fusion.

MISC.0039, Wavefront, Error Detector, LightTrans, VirtualLab

Use Cases

A Michelson interferometer with a Xenon lamp source is modeled with the spectral property, i.e. limited coherence length, of the source fully considered.

IFO.0003, Michelson, Interferometer, Interferometry, Optical Metrology

Use Cases

As a demonstration, this Use Case shows the working principle of a typical optical system of the dot projector, including the physical optics modeling of the VCSEL array source, the lens and the beam splitter.

MISC.0077, Dot projector, Dot cloud, Face ID, Beam splitting, VCSEL, Multimode, Grating, Lens, Lenses

Use Cases

A confocal scanning microscope is built up in VirtualLab Fusion and we used a metallic grating as the test object to demonstrate the working principle of the microscope.

MIC.0010, Confocal, Confocal microscope, Confocal microscopy, Scanning microscope, Resolution, Grating, Diffraction, Imaging

Use Cases

In VirtualLab Fusion, we reproduce the famous Young’s interference experiment, and checked the influence from slit width, slit distance, as well as the effect of extended source.

IFO.0015, Aperture, Programmable function, Partially coherent source, Double-slit, interference, Young’s interferometer, Young’s interference

Use Cases

This document describes how VirtualLab Fusion is installed and how it can be updated. Questions which might occur during installation are being answered.

Administrator's Manual, virtuallab fusion

VirtualLab Fusion Documentation

VirtualLab Fusion 2nd Generation Technology Update (Build 7.5.0.158)

Release Notes, virtuallab fusion

VirtualLab Fusion Documentation

In this document you will get a deep introduction into VirtualLab Fusion.

user manual, manual

VirtualLab Fusion Documentation

We will explore the possibilities of solving fiber coupling tasks, and learn about the typical workflows in VirtualLab Fusion.

coupling system, single-mode fibers, webinar

Webinars

In the webinar we introduce the concept of diffractive lens and generalize it to the usage of digital holographic surfaces. We briefly compare it with the metalens and Fresnel-type lens approaches. The modeling theory of diffractive lenses is discussed and its implementation and usage in VirtualLab Fusion demonstrated.

Diffractive Lenses

Webinars

Webinars

In this webinar we invite you to join us on a journey through the concepts, prospects, challenges, and myths of the different versions of flat components, with an emphasis on lenses.

Flat Optics, Freeform, Fresnel, Diffractive, Meta Lenses

Webinars

The construction of optical systems combining diffraction gratings and lenses and other smooth surfaces is a common occurrence. We have selected three examples to illustrate in the webinar the potential of VirtualLab Fusion in this field.

gratings

Webinars

The use of lightguides with diffraction gratings has become of great interest in the development of augmented reality and mixed reality glasses. This webinar will introduce you to a suitable physical-optics modeling technology and demonstrate it in the software VirtualLab Fusion.

lightguides, mixed reality glasses, webinar, virtuallab fusion, photonics media

Webinars

VirtualLab Fusion provides a seamless workflow for design and analyzing metagratings – from the unit cell (single pillar) selection, the composition of metagratings by using pillars with varying parameters, and the parametric optimization of the metagrating structure for further performance improvement. All the steps can be done in the unified simulation platform VirtualLab Fusion, and, in this webinar, we will demonstrate the workflow above at selected examples.

metagratings, webinar, virtuallab fusion

Webinars

VirtualLab Fusion comes with new features for the modeling and design of systems for fiber optics. Based on linearly polarized (LP) modes and Gaussian-Laguerre solver techniques, we present several use cases.

fiber optics, fibers, fiber coupling

Webinars

In this webinar, we show how to enable non-sequential tracing in VirtualLab and application use cases, which get large benefits from it.

Non Sequential, Physical Optics, Webinars

Webinars

In this new webinar series we present the mathematical toolkit that helps make fast physical optics a reality, show how this toolkit is directly reflected in the user interface, and illustrate the impact it has for the average user.

physical optics, solver, webinar, field solver

Webinars

In this webinar we will demonstrate the simulation of a series of interferometric setups in the fast physical optics modeling and design software VirtualLab Fusion, and illustrate some of the features which make VirtualLab a particularly user-friendly and efficient simulation tool for a wide range of interferometers.

Simulation, Interferometric Setups, VirtualLab Fusion

Webinars

We are proud to present a new version of VirtualLab Fusion, in which we bring the connecting field solvers technology to the next level. We completely do away with the tendency that exists of only considering diffraction effects at the exit pupil of the system, in the process enabling the analysis of laser systems, cascaded diffraction, vignetting, 4f setups as well as of any combination of gratings, microstructures, diffusers, and diffractive and metalenses with conventional and freeform lenses.

physical optics, solver, webinar, virtuallab fusion release

Webinars

With this document we would like to provide you with a compact overview of VirtualLab Fusion’s theoretical and technological background, in connection with references for a more in-depth study.

White papers, virtuallab fusion, research papers

White Papers