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Demos

7x7 Beam Splitter in 2f Setup with a VCSEL Source

Physical optics enables the access to any kind of light information in the desired image plane.

Auto Saving Programmable Detector with Coupled File Name

This Demo shows how to use a programmable detector, which can save the simulation result with interested parameter information include in the file name.

Bitmap File Import into VirtualLab Fusion

In this demo we show how to import bitmap files into VirtualLab Fusion.

Calculation of Diffraction Efficiency for a Reflective Volume Holographic Grating generated by a Spherical Wave

Demo the diffraction efficiency of a volume holographic grating is investigated, which was generated by an impinging spherical and plane wave.

Chirped Mirror for Ultrashort Pulses

In this demo we will show how to import measured chirped mirror data.

Circularly Serrated Aperture for Beam Apodization

In this demo, we introduce a serrated beam apodizer.

Crosstalk between Two Closely Placed Planar Waveguides

We will vary the separation between two fibers and simulate the electromagnetic field behavior on the x-z plane within the computational region.

Design and Analysis of a 3x3 Beam Splitter

A phase-only transmission function is designed using the iterative Fourier transform algorithm. As an additional step, a phase-only transmission is designed without any phase dislocations.

Design and Analysis of Intraocular Diffractive Lens with Curved Surface

In this example, we demonstrated how to model an intraocular lens system using a conical diffractive lens.

Design of a Beam Widening DOE

This demonstration shows the design of a DOE to widen a gausian into a top-hat shape.

Diffractive Lightguide In- and Outcouple Situation using Surface and Volume Gratings

We simulate a lightguide outcouple efficiency using a slanted outcouple grating and an ideal or binary incouple grating.

Focussing Through a Luneburg Lens

In this demo we demonstrate a propagation of a Plane Wave through a Luneburg lens.

Focussing through a Luneburg Lens with a Tilted Plane Wave

In this Use Case we demonstrate a propagation of a Plane Wave through a Luneburg lens.

Fourier Transforms in Immersion Objective System

In this demo, we illustrate the Fourier Transforms in an immersion objective system by using stratified media component.

Gratings in Complex Optical Systems

The microstructures are analyzed rigorously in order to calculate accurate diffraction efficiencies for structure sizes in the range of the used wavelength.

Higher Modes in Laser Resonators

This demonstration shows the capabilities of VirtualLab Fusion to calculate higher resonator modes together with their corresponding Eigenvalues.

Import of GRIN Medium from Zemax OpticStudio®

In this demonstration we show how to import GRIN-Media which are defined after “Gradient 5”-Shema in Zemax OpticStudio®.

Import of Measured Lens Surface Data

In this demo, we show how to import measured lens surface data to VirtualLab Fusion.

Import of Non-equidistantly Sampled Interface Data

This demonstration shows a tool to import nonequidistant sampled surface that are given through lists in a .csv-file.

Import of Precalculated Diffraction Efficiencies

This Demo shows how to use precalculated efficiency to define a grating in VirtualLab Fusion.

Importing BSDF data into VirtualLab Fusion

In this demo, we illustrate the workflow of how to import the BSDF measurement data into VirtualLab Fusion.

Lens with Modulated Refractive Index

In this Demo we modeled the light propagation through lenses with a modulated refractive index.

Modeling of a Metalens Singlet Based on Half-Wave Plate Model

Such metalenses are sensitive to the polarization of the input field and in this example we demonstrate the polarization behavior.

Modeling of Pulse Chirp introduced by an Optical Component

This demonstration shows the possibility in VirtualLab Fusion to include measured GDD-Data to control the shape of a pulse.

Moiré Fringes Generation

In this Demo we seek to model the Moiré pattern in an optical setup.

Overview Lateral Distributed Sources in VirtualLab Fusion

In the Panel Type Source a uniform grid can be defined, where each point emits a spherical wave. Exemplarily, a uniform grid and a Gaussian profile is shown.

Propagation over Long Distances

This demonstrations shows the propagation of a gaussian beam for a distance of 10 km.

Propagation through Uneven Pinhole

This demonstration shows the propagation of a field through an uneven pinhole.

Pulse Train Generator

In this setup we want to demonstrate a pulse train source that generates pulse trains by constructing a corresponding spectrum (frequency comb).

Reflection at a Retro Reflector with Rough Surfaces

This demonstration simulates a retro reflector with rough surfaces.

Reflection at a Rough Surface

This demonstration shows the reflection of a field on a rough surface.

RGB Diffuser using Lightguide Approach

In this demo we show how to design a diffuser for distinct target pattern for each of the RGB wavelengths. Furthermore, we will generate a Lightguide setup for guiding and separated outcoupling of the RGB modes.

Sagnac Interferometer

In this Demo we seek to simulate the interference pattern in a Sagnac interferometer setup.

Statistical Anti-reflection Structures (Moth-Eye)

In this demo we will model the moth-eye structure by a random (statistical) distribution of cones. For this purpose, the Random Cone Interface is used.

Product Sheets

Cross-Platform Simulation with VirtualLab Fusion

VirtualLab Fusion can run in batch mode and thus enable cross-platform simulations when used alongside other software tools.

Design of Fiber Coupling Systems and Tolerance Analysis

How to couple light into optical fibers with high efficiency is of great concern for many applications, e.g., in telecommunication, remote sensing, and lasers.

Design of Gratings and Their Modeling within Optical Systems

Gratings are important in modern optics. Subwave- and Metastructures require vectorial electromagnetic methods. VirtualLab Fusion provides full solutions.

Diffractive Lenses and Holographic Optical Elements (HOEs)

VirtualLab Fusion provides a complete workflow for diffractive-lens and HOE design.

DOEs and Diffusers for Light Shaping

The summer release 2019 of VirtualLab Fusion enables their inclusion in systems and therefore the evaluation of overall performance.

Lightguide Devices for AR & VR Applications

The VirtualLab AR & VR Solution Package is the only commercially available single-platform software that provides physical-optics modeling of AR & VR lightguides.

Metalens and Metasurface Holograms

Metalenses and metasurfaces have risen to scientific fame by virtue of their unique properties for manipulation of electromagnetic fields, and nowadays their fabrication has become feasible.

Modeling of Optical Interferometers

Modern interferometers often consist of light sources with various coherence properties, and different components. VirtualLab Fusion is a unified platform for the modeling of such complex systems based on physical optics and with a user-friendly interface.

Talks

A K-Domain Method for Fast Propagation of Electromagnetic Field Through Graded-Index Media

In this work we discuss a rigorous k-domain (spatial frequency domain) method for fast calculation of electromagnetic fields propagating through GRIN media.

A Physical-Optics Based Concept for Geometric and Diffractive Light Shaping

We introduce the concept of geometric and diffractive zones of fields and demonstrate design techniques for different applications of light shaping.

Challenges and Solutions in the Design of Lightguides for XR Glasses

A lightguide in combination with grating regions is definitely a good candidate and we will discuss the concept and our current strategies to deal with them.

Connection of Field Solvers: Microstructures and Lenses

We present the connection of the two specific solvers mentioned above in the context of a field-tracing approach.

Design and Analysis of Large-Angle Beam-Splitting Metagratings

Metasurfaces that are composed of nanopillars with high refractive indices have great potential in different applications. e.g. the LiDAR systems

Design and Optimization Strategy of Coupling Gratings for Near-Eye Displays

Lightguide-based near-eye display devices are drawing much interest recently, and one of the key technologies are coupling gratings for the planar lightguide.

Diffractive and Metasurfaces: from Function to Structure Simulation Seamlessly in VirtualLab Fusion

VirtualLab Fusion, unlike most other optical simulation software, enables the complete workflow within a single software platform in a seamless manner.

Fast Physical-Optics Modeling of Microscopy System with Structured Illumination

The Local Plane Interface Approximation (LPIA) algorithm, a free space propagation algorithm and the Fourier Modal Method (FMM) are all combined.

Fast Propagation of Electromagnetic Fields in Graded-Index Media

Based on the concept of fast physical optics, we develop a theory to efficiently propagate the field in GRIN media, including the effect of polarization cross-talk.

Fast-Physical Optics Modeling of Advanced Microscopy Systems

Advanced microscopy is often designed with physical-optics principles involved and they are used for the investigation of more complicated effects/phenomena.

Fast-Physical Optics Modeling of Two-Photon Microscopy with 3D-Structured Illumination

We perform a fast-physical optics modeling of two-photon microscopy with 3D-structured illumination.

Innovative Systematic Design Approach for Lightguide Devices for XR-Applications

For applications in the field of XR, devices based on light guiding are to combine the virtual image with the light impinging from the real-world environment.

Our Product: the fast physcial optics software VirtualLab Fusion.
Insights into Physical Optics with VirtualLab Fusion for Optics Education

We demonstrate several classical physical optics effects: diffraction from slits, Talbot effect, Arago spot, Michelson/Mach-Zehnder/Young’s interferometers ...

Laser System Modeling with Fast Physical Optics

We emphasize on highly efficient solutions to Maxwell’s equations, based on 1) the paradigm shift of switching the main modeling domain from space to spatial frequency domain; 2) innovative Fourier transform concepts that minimize the field sampling parameters. We will present simulations of several typical modern laser systems based on fast physical optics modeling.

Light Shaping from a Physical-Optics Perspective

Traditionally, ray- and physical-optics approaches are separated in optical modeling and design. We present a unified modeling theory which is fully based on physical optics, but which also enables a seamless transition into the geometrical branch of physical optics where mathematically justified. This theory is applied to the modeling and design of light shaping systems. We show how established design techniques can be understood as particular cases of the unified theory. The unified concept provides flexible design approaches which combine the best of known techniques and even go beyond them.

Light Shaping From a Physical-Optics Point of View

In this work, the field tracing tech niques for modeling light-shaping systems are presented, which reveals the optical element resulted from those geometric-base algorithm is not always accurate enough for the design task.

Modeling and Design of Gratings, Diffusers, DOEs, Diffractive and Metalenses

After a brief introduction of the fast physical optics technology we demonstrate various examples from different fields of application.

Modeling of Diffractive-/Metasurfaces and their Performance Evaluations in General Optical System

We present a physical-optics-based approach to deal with the modeling of the whole diffractive-/metasurfaces.

Modeling of High Contrast Metasurfaces in VirtualLab Fusion

A physical-optics-based approach to deal with the modeling of metasurfaces, with a locally extended rigorous analysis of several unit cells...

Modelling of Diffractive/Meta-Lenses Using Fast Physical Optics

Diffractive and meta-lenses in optical systems play an important role in various applications like imaging systems, laser-beam shaping, bio/medical-optics, etc.

Non-paraxial Diffractive and Refractive Laser Beam Shaping

We discuss the implications of the optical design of diffractive and refractive freeform surfaces in non-paraxial regions of the fields.

Non-Sequential Optical Modeling with VirtualLab Fusion

In non-sequential simulations with ray and field tracing the user can control which light-propagation paths are to be considered.

Numerical Analysis of Tightly Focused Spot for Confocal Microscopy Illumination by a Real Lens System

Confocal microscopy has good imaging performance. We perform the physical-optics modeling of the real condenser lens system with full vectorial effects.

Numerical Implementation of Homeomorphic Fourier Transform

We present the theoretical derivation and the numerical implementation. We illustrate its potential with examples.

On the Importance of Homeomorphic Operations in Physical and Geometrical Optics

Physical-optics system modeling can be performed by connecting different field solvers, which are selected to efficiently solve Maxwell’s equations...

Optical Design of Beam Delivery Systems for Cw and Pulsed Lasers

In this talk the modeling of systems for femtosecond pulses is presented, including pulse compression and stretching by grating pairs...

Optical Design of Diffractive and Freeform Solutions for Light Shaping with VirtualLab Fusion

VirtualLab Fusion supports light shapping by freeform surfaces, diffractive beam splitters and general arrays of micro-optical components...

Optimization of Coupling Gratings for Lightguide-Based Displays

In this work, we start with the optimization of coupling gratings for a single incident direction and analyze the effect when such optimized gratings are used in different situations.

Physical-Optical Analysis of Lightguide Coupling Setup and Systematic Design Strategy

Lightguide structures are widely applied in different applications, and, nowadays, the are drawing special interest in the field of near-to-eye display systems. Such systems are typically realized with either planar or curved lightguides together with gratings for coupling light out of or into the lightguides.

Physical-Optics Analysis of Lightguides for Augmented and Mixed Reality Glasses

Though ray tracing gives insight also in the case of lightguides. VirtualLab Fusion we provide such a modeling approach for AR/MR, FOV.

Physical-Optics Analysis of Optical Interferometers

Based on interferometers, optical setups play an important role in modern optical metrology for different applications and various tasks.

Physical-Optics Anatomy of the Gouy Phase Shift

We obtain a physical-optics solution which reveals, in an isolated manner, all the effects which we know must appear, and dispel the geometrical-phyisical optics dichotomy in our understanding of the Gouy phase.

Physical-Optics Investigation of Light Coupling into Fiber and Micro-Optical Sensors

In this work, we investigate the coupling of electromagnetic fields into fiber and similar micro-optics structures, and especially, we perform tolerance analysis of given system with respect to shift and tilt of the fiber and micro-optical sensors.

Physical-Optics Modeling for Optical Components Made of Birefringent Materials

In modern optics, a huge variety of components with specific purposes made from different materials are employed. Birefringent materials are often used for manipulating light in difference aspects. Especially, by analysis in the spatial frequency domain, the effect from birefringence can be clearly revealed and, based on that, we develop a fast numerical algorithm to model light propagation through such components.

Physical-Optics Modeling of Diffractive/Meta-Lenses and Their Design

A diffractive or meta-lens can be modeled as local structures (e.g. local gratings) on a base interface. The rigorous Fourier modal method (FMM) is applied for the local micro-/nanostructures; then the phase modulations at each position can be collected to model the lens function.

Physical-Optics Modelling of Interferometer-Based Metrology Systems

Interferometer-based setups play an very important role in modern optical metrology for different tasks.

Physical-Optics Simulation for Ultrashort Pulses

With many modern applications requiring or benefitting from high-packaged energy delivered in a very short amount of time, ultrashort pulse sources acquire more and more interest. To focus on such kind of source, proper handling of the spatial and temporal distribution, as well as a possible coupling amongst the two domains is required.

Physical-Optics Simulation of Optical Interferometry Systems

Modern interferometer-based optical-metrology technologies play an important role in many applications, and often consist of multi-disciplinary components. We present a physical-optics- based simulation approach.

Physical-Optics-Based Tolerance Analysis for Fiber Coupling Systems

Optical fibers are often used to detect and monitor light signals in modern optical Metrology systems. The use of optical fibers helps to reduce the size of the optical system and makes the facilitate interconnection between systems.

Polarization Effects Modeling with Field Tracing

Optical fibers are widely used for collecting and monitoring light signals in modern optical metrology systems. The use of fibers helps reduce the size of optical system and makes the interconnection between systems convenient.

Relation between Design Concepts of High-NA Beam Splitters & Diffusers

We show how techniques are related to each other and how they can be used to improve maximum efficiency for non-paraxial illumination by laser beams.

Semi-Analytical Fourier transform and Its Application to Physical-Optics Modeling

The Fast Fourier transform (FFT) algorithm constitutes the backbone for fast physical optics modelling. In this talk we present the theory of the semi-analytical FFT alongside several examples to demonstrate the great potential of this approach.

Simulation and Analysis of high-NA Freeform Surfaces

We discuss the use of miniaturized freeform surfaces in regular and randomized arrays. Furthermore, the inclusion of diffraction at the edges of the array cells is discussed and demonstrated at the example of a microlens array.

Spatio-Temporal Simulation of Ultrashort Phenomena in Different Optical Systems

The modeling of the pulses starts with a temporal Fourier transform which convert the temporal signal into correlated spectral modes, so that the material dispersion effects can be included. Each spectral mode is polarized and therefore vectorial electromagnetic field information can be considered.

Systematic Design Concept for AR & MR Lightguide Devices

Numerous parameters must be considered in order to design a functional AR/MR device which provides sufficient image quality and optical performance.

Systematic Optimization of a Lightguide Coupling Setup

Gratings for coupling light into or out of lightguides for near-to-eye display systems are optimized regarding the angular dependency of the field of view.

Tailored Laser Beam Shaping by Freeform and Diffractive Optics

In this talk we will discuss the modeling and design of laser systems along applications like beam delivery and scanning, speaking also about the peculiarities of including gratings, etalons, graded-index media and crystals in said systems.

The Concept of Bidirectional Operators and Its Application to the Modeling of Microstructures

The well-established ray-tracing concept of Bidirectional Scattering Distribution Function, used traditionally to model the scattering of rays at micro-structured surfaces, serves as the inspiration for what we have called “bidirectional”, or B, operators: a physical-optics generalization that refers not only to the modelling of surface scattering, but of any component in an optical system.

The Gouy Phase Shift Reinterpreted Via the Geometric Fourier Transform

Geometrical and physical optics tend to be presented as completely separate from each other, the links between the two tenuously acknowledged at best. However, when they are viewed for what they are it is evident that not only are they not separate, but that in fact the two types of behaviours very often coexist within the same system.

Technology Whitepapers

Connecting Solvers by Master Channels

VirtualLab Fusion enables fast physical-optics system modeling by connecting different solvers instead of applying one universal solver to the entire system.

Field Tracing Accuracy Settings

The numerical accuracy of physical optics simulations is controlled by the numerical parameters of each solver, the sampling accuracy of the fields...

FMM / RCWA [S-Matrix]

The FMM/RCWA solver consists of an eigenmode solver for each periodically modulated layer and an S-matrix, in the spatial frequency domain (k domain).

Fourier Transforms in VirtualLab Fusion

VirtualLab Fusion provides fast physical-optics modeling by connecting different field solvers.

Fresnel Matrix

The Fresnel matrix solver consists of an eigenmode solver for the homogeneous media on both sides of the interface and matching of the boundary conditions.

Generation of Rays for Ray Tracing

In ray tracing for lens systems the rays are originated in the object points and the specific selection is often done with respect to the stop...

High Flexibility by Sub-Channels (x-Domain)

We have started to enable the optional decomposition of a master region into subregions in x-domain which form the entrance to subchannels.

Idealized Grating Functions

The idealized grating function works without any information about the actual shape of the grating structure.

Idealized Lens Functions

The idealized lens functions works without the knowledge about actual lens surfaces and material.

Layer Matrix [S-Matrix]

The layer matrix solver consists of an eigenmode solver for each homogeneous layer and an S-matrix for matching the boundary conditions at all the interfaces.

Local Linear Grating Approximation (LLGA)

The LLGA solver assumes local plane wave and local linear grating interactions (x domain), using either the FMM/RCWA or TEA for the grating analysis.

Local Plane Interface Approximation (LPIA)

Local Plane Interface Approximation (LPIA) solver work in the spatial domain (x domain) with an approximate local boundary condition.

Runge-Kutta Beam Propagation Method (RK-BPM) for GRIN Medium

The RK-BPM solves the electromagnetic field propagation problem in a GRIN medium, by solving two ordinary differential equations simultaneously.

Seamless Transition from Ray to Physical Optics

We, the developers of VirtualLab Fusion, do not understand ray and physical optics as two disjunct modeling techniques between which the user must select...

Step-by-Step Field Tracing by Modeling Analyzer

Physical-optics modeling in VirtualLab Fusion is initialized by the light path finder algorithm, which searches for all possible light paths through the system...

Truncation of Fields at Boundaries

One key technique for fast physical-optics modeling with VirtualLab Fusion is the channel concept which enables connecting solvers.

Whitepaper Collection VirtualLab Fusion
No description available.

Use Cases

3D Visualization of the Optical System

With the System: 3D view documents the user can have a quick overview on how the system actually looks like.

Aberration Effects of a Spherical Wave at the Focal Spot

Different types of wavefront aberrations are selected exemplarily, and the resulting focal spots are investigated for varying strength of the aberrations.

Aberration Effects on Focused Modes from a Fiber Source

In this use case we demonstrate how the shape of a set of modes generated by either a step- or graded-index fiber.

Absorption in a CIGS Solar Cell

A solar cell based on copper indium gallium selenide (CIGS) is simulated, and the absorption in the CIGS layer calculated.

Add Point Cloud to Data Arrays

This use case shows how to overlay a point cloud (e.g. a dot diagram) onto another result document (e.g. an electromagnetic field result).

Add Region to Data Arrays

Graphics Add-Ons are a tool inside VirtualLab Fusion that allows the overlay of information, such as regions, onto a Data Array.

Advanced Configuration of Slanted Gratings

Coated slanted gratings can be configured easily within VirtualLab. This use case explains the available options for the customization of slanted gratings.

Advanced PSF & MTF Calculation for System with Rectangular Aperture

By placing a rotated rectangular aperture behind input fields with different sizes, the PSF and MTF in the focal plane are investigated.

Advanced PSF and MTF Calculation of Imaging System

An imaging system consisting of a collimation objective and human eye is modeled, and by changing the illumination conditions, the cases with fully and partially illuminated apertures are investigated.

Advanced PSF Calculation in a High-NA Lens System

When a linearly polarized Gaussian beam is focused by a high-NA aspheric lens, the PSF in focal plane shows asymmetry due to vectorial effects.

Advanced Simulation of Microlens Arrays

This use case explains the configuration and usage of the Microlens Array component in VirtualLab Fusion.

Afocal Systems for Laser Guide Stars

Within VirtualLab Fusion, we demonstrate the analyze afocal systems for the generation of laser guide stars, and further optimize the system to control the size of the artificial stars.

Analysis and Design of Highly Efficient Polarization Independent Transmission Gratings

We demonstrate how to analyze the polarization-dependent property of binary gratings rigorously, also to optimize the binary structures to obtain polarization-independent high diffraction efficiency.

Analysis of an Offner System with Non-Sequential Field Tracing

An Offner system that consists of two concentric spherical mirrors is built up and its imaging property is investigated by using the non-sequential field tracing in VirtualLab.

Analysis of Blazed Grating by Fourier Modal Method

The Fourier modal method (FMM) can be used to analyze grating efficiencies rigorously in VirtualLab Fusion.

Analysis of CMOS Sensors with Microlens Array

Using the rigorous FMM / RCWA, we simulate CMOS sensor with pixel size equal to or below 2µm, and especially, the effectiveness of the microlenses is investigated.

Analysis of Folded Imaging System with Multiple Apertures

For a folded waveguide-based imaging system, the multiple apertures effect, including in- and outcoupling gratings and pupil aperture, is shown to affect the PSF and MTF on image plane.

Analysis of Folded Imaging System with Planar or Curved Waveguide

To evaluate the image quality of a near-to-eye display system, it is important to include the influence from the waveguide structure. In this example, both planar and curved waveguide are investigated.

Analysis of Off-Axis Imaging by a High-NA Microscope

It is demonstrated that the PSF is distorted due to the aberration caused by off-axis imaging.

Analysis of PSF of a Dipole Source by a High-NA Microscopy System

It is demonstrated that the PSFs have different shapes when the orientation of the dipole source changes.

Analysis of Slanted Gratings for Lightguide Coupling

Different slanted grating geometries are selected from literature, with varying slant angle, fill factor, and modulation depth, and the diffraction efficiencies are calculated with the Fourier modal method (FMM).

Analyzing High-NA Objective Lens Focusing

High-NA objective lenses are widely used in optical lithography, microscopy, etc. Consideration of the vectorial nature of light in the simulation of the focusing is of great importance.

Angular-Filtering Volume Gratings for Suppressing Higher Diffraction Orders

We construct an angular-filtering volume grating and apply it in a system to suppress the undesired higher diffraction orders from a beam splitting DOE.

Animation Generation from Chromatic Fields Sets in Parameter Run

A very typical detector within VirtualLab Fusion is the camera detector which generates a chromatic fields set. This use case demonstrates how easy it is to convert a set of chromatic fields sets into an animation from a parameter run.

Application of the Programmable Mode of a Parameter Run

In VirtualLab, the variation of parameters in an optical system is freely customizable using the programmable mode of the Parameter Run feature. We use a specific example to illustrate the application of this programmable mode.

Automatic Selection of Fourier Transform Techniques in Free-Space Propagation Operator

VirtualLab Fusion provides a unified free-space propagation concept in the k-domain, together with automatic selection of proper Fourier transform techniques.

Automatized Detector Positioning by using Parameter Coupling​

In this example, we demonstrate how the Parameter Coupling feature of VirtualLab Fusion can be applied in order to automatize the positioning of a detector with respect to other parameters in the system.

Bessel Beam Generation behind a Fiber with a Holographic Optical Element

We use a HOE that combines the lens and axicon function to generate Bessel beam from the output of a single-mode fiber.

Birefringence Effect of Anisotropic Calcite Crystal

Have a look at the simulation of birefringence in VirtualLab Fusion and investigates the dependence of the effect on input polarization and crystal thickness.

Channel Resolution Accuracy Setting of Non-Sequential Field Tracing

Non-sequential field tracing is done with two steps in VirtualLab Fusion. Firstly, according to an adjustable accuracy factor, the light path through the system is detected. This light path finding can be controlled by the corresponding accuracy factor.

Channel Settings for Non-Sequential Tracing

With the flexible channel configuration in VirtualLab Fusion, one can easily control the response of any surface and/or region, to realize the desired model

Chromatic Aberration Correction by an Idealized Diffractive Lens in a Hybrid Eyepiece Model

A hybrid eyepiece with an idealized diffractive lens surface for correcting chromatic aberration is imported from OpticStudio® and analyzed in detail.

Chromatic Effect Analysis in Fluorescent Microscopy

By taking a fluorescent microscope as example, we analyze the chromatic effect for the high-NA objective lens, at the emitting wavelength and illumination wavelength, respectively.

Circularly Serrated Aperture for Beam Apodization

Beam apodization plays a key role in the design of high-energy lasers and beam-delivery systems. Thanks to VirtualLab Fusion’s highly customizable environment, a serrated beam apodizer is modeled using a plug-in transmission function.

Coherence Measurement Using Michelson Interferometer and Fourier Transform Spectroscopy

It is demonstrated that the fringe contrast in a Michelson interferometer with a light source of certain bandwidth varies when the optical path difference changes.

Collimation of Astigmatic Diode Laser Beam by Objective Lens

High-power laser diodes often exhibit asymmetric divergence and astigmatism. Collimation of such a laser diode is investigated with both ray tracing and field tracing.

Collimation Testing with Shearing Interferometry

We show how to build up a shearing interferometer for the testing of laser beam collimation. By changing the collimation lens system, we observe the change in the interference fringes.

Comparison of Different Lenses for Fiber Coupling

For the task of coupling light into a single-mode fiber, two commercially available lenses are selected, and their performance are evaluated by using the overlap integral.

Complementary Interference Pattern in a Mach-Zehnder Interferometer

A Mach-Zehnder interferometer with a coherent laser source is build up in VirtualLab Fusion and analyzed by using the non-sequential Field Tracing.

Complex Lightguide System with a 2D Eye Pupil Expansion and Human Eye Model

A complex lightguide system, including a 2D-periodic exit pupil expander in combination with slanted gratings in the outcoupler, is presented. PSF and MTF as well as lateral uniformity are evaluated.

Components, Solvers and Fourier Domains – Plane Surface

Both Fourier domains (space and spatial frequency) can be used as the domain of implementation for solvers in VirtualLab Fusion. We discuss the implications and analyze the plane surface as a special case.

Compound Refractive Lens for X-Ray Focusing

Compound refractive lenses, which consists of tens or hundreds of individual cylindrical lenses, are used to focus x-ray fields one- and two-dimensionally.

Configuration of Grating Structures by Using Interfaces

In VirtualLab Fusion, grating structures are configured in a “stack”, which can be constructed with either a sequence of interfaces or special media, depending on the geometry of the grating. In this use case the configuration of grating structures based on interfaces is explained. 

Configuration of Grating Structures by Using Special Media

In the VirtualLab’s Grating Software Package grating structures can be configured by using a stack. In this use case the configuration of grating structures based on media is explained.

Configuration of Grating Structures with Two-Dimensional Periodicity

In VirtualLab Fusion, complex 3D grating structures can be configured using stacks. This use case is focused on the configuration of grating structures which exhibit two-dimensional periodicity.

Configuring Your Simulation in VirtualLab Fusion

This use case gives an overview of the different options and tools a user has access to when working with an Optical Setup file.

Conical Refraction in Biaxial Crystals

The conical refraction from a KGd crystal is demonstrated with the fast-physical-optics simulation technology in VirtualLab Fusion.

Construction and Modeling of a Graded-Index Lens

VirtualLab Fusion allows for the specification of a graded-index lens in a very user-friendly way. In addition, such index-modulated lenses can be analyzed by ray tracing as well as by field tracing.

Construction of a Light Guide

Light guides with coupling gratings can be set up in VirtualLab Fusion using the Light Guide component and its flexible region definition.

Construction of a Truncated Pyramid Surface

This Use Case shows how to construct a pyramid-like surface by using the programmable surface in VirtualLab Fusion.

Coupling of Parameters in VirtualLab Fusion

The Parameter Coupling feature of VirtualLab Fusion can be used to link the values of different parameters in an optical setup, which allows the user to establish complex relationships between these parameters. ​

Creating 1D-Diagrams in VirtualLab Fusion

In this use case, VirtualLab Fusion’s visualization capability is illustrated. All users with various backgrounds may configure visualization setting on the GUI level.

Cross-Platform Optical Modeling and Design with VirtualLab Fusion and MATLAB

We demonstrate how to use MATLAB to access the field solvers in VirtualLab Fusion, and use them together with MATLAB functions for analysis and optimization.

Cross-Platform Parameter Sweep with Python

We demonstrate how to use Python to run a parameter sweep for a simulation in VirtualLab Fusion.

Customizable Help for Programmable Elements

VirtualLab provides multiple tools to implement your custom sources, components, detectors etc. For documentation of such customized object the snippet help can be used.

Customized Detector for Lightguide Coupling Grating Evaluation

We present a customized detector which calculates the grating diffraction efficiencies over a user-defined incident-angle range, and also delivers the mean value and contrast of the efficiencies.

Customized Module: Grating Period Calculation According to the Guiding Condition of Lightguides

A module in VirtualLab Fusion is generated to calculate the range of the period of a coupling grating, so as to fulfill the guiding condition of lightguides.

Czerny-Turner Setup

The Czerny-Turner setup – a famous historical example of a monochromator – is demonstrated in this use case, including an further application.

Data Array Import with Saved Settings

Data is often stored in the form of .txt, .csv, .bmp etc. VirtualLab Fusion supports to import these data forms and store them into Data Array. VirtualLab Fusion supports also to save and load the settings of the import for multiple import sessions.

Demonstrating the Working Principle of Flash LiDAR

A flash LiDAR system, consisting of array of sources, collimation lens system, and diffractive grating, is constructed and its working principle is shown in both the spatial and the spatial frequency domains.

Demonstration of Abbe's Theory of Image Formation

We build up an imaging system, use metal-grid gratings as the test objects, and demonstrate Abbe’s theory on image formation with VirtualLab Fusion.

Demonstration of van Cittert-Zernike Theorem

In this document, we investigate the interference of Yong’s double-slit setup with an extended, partially coherent source, and demonstrated the van Cittert-Zernike theorem.

Design and Analysis of Intraocular Diffractive Lens

We show how to import an intraocular diffractive lens design from Zemax OpticStudio® into VirtualLab Fusion, model it with the actual binary structure, and optimize the structure height for better performance.

Design and Rigorous Analysis of Non-Paraxial Diffractive Beam Splitter

Fourier modal method (FMM) is applied for the rigorous evaluation of non-paraxial diffractive beam splitters, which are initially designed by using IFTA and thin-element approximation.

Design of 2D Non-Paraxial Beam-Splitting Metagrating

We design a 2D metagrating for beam splitting. The metagrating is constructed, analyzed, and further optimized in VirtualLab Fusion, especially in terms of the uniformity of the diffraction efficiencies.

Design of a Diffractive Diffuser to Generate a LightTrans Mark

Two diffractive diffusers, with continuous or discrete phase, for generating a LightTrans trademark are designed, and their performance is investigated.

Design of a High-NA Beam Splitter with 24000 Dots Random Pattern

Designing of high-NA dot-projection system is of great practical use. In this example, a single phase plate for generating a 24,000 dots random pattern is designed.

Design of a Refractive Beam Shaper to Generate a Circular Top-Hat

With the user-friendly design tools in VirtualLab, a refractive beam shaper for shaping a fundamental Gaussian beam into top-hat profile is designed and analyzed.

Design of Diffractive Beam Splitters for Generating a 2D Light Mark

The iterative Fourier transform algorithm (IFTA) in VirtualLab Fusion enables customized beam splitters design with high efficiency and flexibility.

Diffraction Efficiency Analysis for a Czerny-Turner Setup

A physical-optics-based simulation of Czerny-Turner setup, which consists of parabolic mirrors and blazed grating, is presented.

Diffraction from the Aperture in a Microscopy System

It is demonstrated that the energy densities at the tube lens and at the image plane are influenced by the diffraction of the aperture in the microscopy system.

Diffraction Pattern Calculation from a Reflection-Type Diffractive Beam Splitter

This use case demonstrates how the diffracted pattern changes when the reflection-type beam splitter (designed for normal incidence) rotates.

Diffraction Patterns behind Different Apertures

With the advanced propagation technology in VirtualLab Fusion, we calculate the diffraction patterns for apertures with different shapes and study the property of diffraction.

Diffraction Property of a Passive Parity-Time Grating

We construct a passive parity-time grating and analyze its diffraction property with respect to selected grating parameters and the polarization of light.

Diffractive Lens Component

This Use Case introduces the Diffractive Lens Component and gives an overview about its options, settings, and computation method.

Diffractive Optical Element & Microstructure Component
No description available.
Distortion Analyzer

VirtualLab Fusion provides an analyzer for the distortion of an optical system that yields the standard representation of distortion versus angle.

Double-Helix PSF for 3D Imaging Microscopy

It is demonstrated that the double helix PSF rotates when there is only a small defocus of the object point.

Effects of Mirror Coating on Pulse Characteristics

We demonstrate the effect of different mirror coatings on the characteristics of ultrashort pulses like peak value and pulse duration.

Electromagnetic Field Detector

With the Electromagnetic Field Detector the user can access the fully vectorial electromagnetic field at any given plane in the system. We explain here how to handle this detector.

Electromagnetic Field Interaction with Nanocylinders

With the perfectly matched layers (PMLs) technique, the interaction between a focused Gaussian beam and nanocylinders with varying diameters is investigated.

Ellipsometry Analyzer

This use case demonstrates the basic principles of ellipsometry and illustrates the use of the built-in ellipsometry analyzer in VirtualLab Fusion.

Export Harmonic Fields Sets into ASCII Files

This document shows a programmable module that can export any kind of Harmonic Fields Set into ASCII files.

Export of Fabrication Data

VirtualLab Fusion can export smooth and quantized interfaces, as well as mirror/prism/grating cells arrays into various file formats, e.g., STL and GDSII file format.

Export of Fabrication Data for Smooth Surfaces

VirtualLab Fusion can export smooth surfaces into various file formats, e.g., STL and other customized formats.

Export of Fabrication Data of a Holographic Optical Element (HOE)

VirtualLab Fusion can export quantized HOE structure into various file formats. It is possible to export the files by a pixelized or polygon approach.

Export of Results of a Parameter Run
No description available.
Export Systems and Components into STL & IGES Format

VirtualLab Fusion supports the export of optical components specified in the system into various CAD formats. This includes for example the export of lenses, prisms, mirror systems and other components into STL and in IGES format.

Femtosecond Pulse Propagation through Dispersive Seawater

The propagation of a 5-fs pulse through seawater is studied in VirtualLab Fusion. The broadening of the pulse and the change in its temporal profile due to dispersion of the material are shown.

Few-Mode Fiber Coupling under Atmospheric Turbulence

In this use case, we reproduce the experiments of Zheng et al. [Opt. Express 24 (2016)] to explore the atmospheric turbulence effects on the coupling efficiency between the free-space optical beam and few-mode fibers.

Field Curvature Analyzer

The field curvature describes the difference between the designed focal plane and the actual focal curve of an objective (lens).

Field Inside Component Analyzer: FMM

The Field Inside Component Analyzer: FMM enables the user to investigate the distribution of the electromagnetic field inside micro- and nanostructures.

Fizeau Interferometer for Optical Testing

A Fizeau interferometer is set up with the help of non-sequential field tracing technology, and the interference fringes from several different test surfaces are shown.

Flexible Region Definiton

This use case walks you through the flexible region configuration in VirtualLab Fusion, which allows the user to define variously shaped regions for e.g. light-guide applications.

Focus Investigation behind Aspherical Lens

A laser diode with asymmetric divergence and astigmatism is first collimated and then focused. Evolution of the field in the focal region is investigated in detail.

Focusing Electromagnetic Fields with Cascaded Circular Apertures

We demonstrate in VirtualLab Fusion the focusing of electromagnetic fields with properly designed apertures.

Focusing of an Ince-Gaussian Beam

This use case shows the focusing of an Ince-Gaussian mode through a GRIN medium representing a thermal lens.

Focusing of Cylindrical Vector Beams by a High-NA Objective Lens

It is demonstrated that the focusing of cylindrical vector beams. The vectorial effects of radially and azimuthally beams are demonstrated.

Focusing of Femtosecond Pulse by Using a High-NA Off-Axis Parabolic Mirror

The focusing process of a 10 fs pulse by using a high-NA parabolic mirror is modeled in VirtualLab Fusion, and both the spatial and temporal behaviors are investigated.

Focusing of Gaussian-Laguerre Beam for STED Microscopy

It is demonstrated that the focusing of high order Gaussian-Laguerre beam generates donut-shaped PSF. The size of donut-shaped PSF can be adjusted by different high orders.

Footprint Analysis of Lightguides for AR/MR Applications

The Footprint and Grating Analysis tool allows the optical designer to determine how the light will interact with the various grating regions of the lightguide.

Fourier Transform Settings – Discussion at Examples

As one of the most fundamental technologies in VirtualLab Fusion, Fourier transforms connect the space and spatial frequency domains. We discuss the Fourier transforms settings at different examples and show the consequences.

Free Space Propagation Settings

This use cases presents the different options users have in VirtualLab Fusion to configure the selection of Fourier transform algorithms.

Fresnel Curves on a Plane Surface

The Fresnel Effect Calculator to calculate the Fresnel coefficients directly.

FTIR on a Cube Beam Shaper

A real beam splitter based on Frustrated Total Internal Reflection (FTIR) is investigated.

Full-Field Optical Coherence Scanning Interferometry

With a low-coherence Xenon lamp source, a Michelson interferometer is built up for precise scanning of the surface profile of a given specimen.

Gaussian Beam Focused by a Thermal Lens

This use case shows the variation of the focal length of the thermal lens, as well as the focus beam diameter when the input power changes [W. Koechner, Appl. Opt. 9, 2548–2553 (1970)]. This example is published in [H. Zhong, J. Opt. Soc. Am. A 35].

Generation of Optical Beams Carrying Orbital Angular Momentum (OAM)

We demonstrate the generation of optical beams carrying OAM by using spiral phase plates with different parameters.

Generation of Spatially Varying Polarization by Interference with Polarized Light

With a Mach-Zehnder interferometer setup with two rotatable polarizers, we demonstrate the generation of spatially varying polarization.

Generation of Vector Beam by a Sagnac-Like Interferometer

Following the idea of T. Wang et al., Appl. Phys. B 122:231 (2016), this use case demonstrates a Sagnac-interferometer scheme to generate vector beam.

Graphic Add-Ons

Graphics Add-Ons are a tool inside VirtualLab Fusion that allows you to overlay information, such as point clouds.

Grating Analysis and Smoothly Modulated Grating Parameters on Lightguides

In this use case, smoothly varied grating parameters are introduced to lightguides for AR/MR applications, by using VirtualLab’s Footprint and Grating Analysis tool. Further, detailed results of the polarization-dependent diffraction efficiencies of the configured grating structures are provided.

Grating Component for General Optical Systems

This use case introduces the Grating Component in general optical setups, which allows for the inclusion of a wide range of different gratings.

Grating Optimization in VirtualLab Fusion Using optiSLang

A workflow is presented for how to optimize a grating structure regarding a specified merit function using VirtualLab Fusion and the optimization software optiSLang.

Grating Order Analyzer

In VirtualLab Fusion, the Grating Order Analyzer can be used for convenient grating diffraction analysis, with results presented in various ways.

Grating Stretcher for Ultrashort Pulses

We set up a pulse stretcher consisting of two diffractive gratings and investigate the pulse broadening effect induced by the interaction of the pulse with the gratings.

Grazing-Incidence Focusing Mirrors for X-Ray Beams

Kirkpatrick-Baez (KB) mirrors focus the grazing-incident X-ray field into a nanometer-scale spot. In this use case the modeling and evaluation of such KB mirror system is demonstrated.  

Hartmann Wavefront Sensor for X-Ray Optics

In this use case we model the propagation of an X-ray field through a Hartmann wavefront sensor composed by an array of pinholes.

Herrig Schiefspiegler Telescope

A Herrig Schiefspiegler telescope with two mirrors, but with four reflections in a double-pass configuration, is modeled with the non-sequential ray and field tracing techniques in VirtualLab Fusion.

High-NA Beam Splitter Optimization with User-Defined Merit Functions

We demonstrates the usage of user-defined merit functions for the evaluation and optimization of order efficiencies of a diffractive high-NA beam splitter.

High-NA Focusing by Off-Axis Parabolic Mirror

In high-NA focusing situations, e.g. with parabolic mirror, it is demonstrated that input fields with different polarizations leads to different focal spots.

High-NA Pattern Generation by Combining Two Beam Splitter Elements

A two diffractive beam splitter system for high-NA pattern generation is designed with IFTA, and the system performance is investigated, especially with the non-paraxial splitter analyzed by using FMM.

Holographically Generated Volume Grating

A holographic volume grating is analyzed by using the Fourier modal method. Both the spectral and angular properties are presented.

How to Customize the Position of Source Modes Via Programming and Example (Along a Line)

Using laterally shifted modes is one possible strategy to mimic partial spatial coherence. In this tutorial we show you how to manipulate the positions of the source modes via programming.

How to Format VirtualLab Fusion Results

In this feature Use Case different options for the customization of detector results in VirtualLab Fusion are demonstrated.

How to Set Up a Lightguide with Real Grating Structures

This use case demonstrates how to import a previously designed real grating structure into the lightguide component and explains the role and handling of lookup tables.

How to Set Up a Panel-Type Source

With the panel-type source in VirtualLab it is possible to model a pixelated display, with the pixel pitch and the number of pixels as free parameters for the user to fix.

How to Set Up a Scanning Source

The scanning source in VirtualLab Fusion defines a multi-mode source that radiates into several pre-defined directions, which is of help for e.g. the modeling and evaluation of a laser scanning system.

How to Work with the C# Module and Example (Computing the Deviation Between Two Fields)

In this tutorial we explain the basics of working with the C# Module: one of the most flexible, most advanced programmable items in VirtualLab Fusion!

How to Work with the Programmable Component and Example (Ideal Grating)

The Programmable Component is one of the most versatile programmable elements in VirtualLab. Follow this tutorial for instructions on a first contact with this feature!

How to Work with the Programmable Detector and Example (Minimum and Maximum Wavelengths)

In this tutorial we show how to work with the Programmable Detector, one of the most versatile customizable elements in VirtualLab Fusion.

How to Work with the Programmable Function & Example (Cylindrical Lens)

In this document we explain how to work with the Programmable Function, using the example of a cylindrical lens.

How to Work with the Programmable Interface & Example (Spherical Surface)

In this document we explain how to work with the Programmable Interface, using the example of a simple spherical surface.

How to Work with the Programmable Light Source in VirtualLab Fusion and Example (Gaussian Beam)

In this document we show you how to work with the Programmable Source: a means to define the spatial dependence of a custom basic source mode. We use the Gaussian as an example.

How to Work with the Programmable Material and Example (Linear Dependence)

In this detailed tutorial we explain how to create your own custom materials (refractive index with respect to wavelength) in VirtualLab Fusion.

How to Work with the Programmable Medium and Example (Thermal Lens)

In this detailed tutorial we explain how to create your own custom media (dependence of refractive index on position) in VirtualLab Fusion.

How to Work with the Programmable Spectrum and Example (Black-Body Radiation)

Discover how to create your own custom spectra via programming in VirtualLab Fusion with this in-depth tutorial on the topic, rounded up with a basic hands-on example.

Imaging of Sub-Wavelength Gratings by Using Vector Beam Illumination

A high-NA microscope for imaging of sub-wavelength grating is build up, and the influences from illumination with linear, radial, and azimuthal polarizations is investigated.

Import and Export of Chromatic Fields Sets

Chromatic fields set are standard documents to show a light distribution in VirtualLab Fusion. This use case demonstrates the options for import and export chromatic fields sets.

Import Beam Files from Zemax OpticStudio

VirtualLab Fusion can import the beam files from Zemax OpticStudio®, convert it into electromagnetic field information automatically, and support further propagation of the imported field.

Import of Bitmap file containing Height Data of a Microstructure into VirtualLab Fusion

The import of a bitmap file, which contains height data of a microstructure is demonstrated. This example provides a step-by-step explanation of the required workflow in VirtualLab Fusion.

Import of Material Data into VirtualLab Fusion

In this use case, we illustrate the workflow of how to import complex material data into VirtualLab Fusion’s material catalog.

Import Optical Systems from Zemax OpticStudio

VirtualLab Fusion allows the import of optical systems with the full 3D position information and glasses from Zemax OpticStudio®, and provides field tracing for further investigation of the imported system.

Importing Measured Sun Spectrum into VirtualLab Fusion

This use case illustrates how to import the measured extraterrestrial sunlight spectrum, and how to subsequently employ said spectrum in an optical system.

Ince Gaussian Modes

Ince-Gaussian Modes constitute an additional solution for the paraxial wave equation. This use case shows how to set up this kind of modes.

Influence of the position of the stop in a lens system

It is demonstrated that the positions of the stop in a lens system have influence on the PSF, especially in the case of inclined illumination.

Introduction to the Optical Setup

This use case introduces the Optical Setup, which can be seen as a virtual analogy to the real-life laboratory in VirtualLab Fusion.

Introduction to the Parametric Optimization Document

VirtualLab Fusion provides three local and one global optimization algorithm. This use case introduces the associated Parametric Optimization document with its options and settings.

Investigation of Focus Shift due to Thermal Lensing

In this use case we demonstrate the change in the effective focal length caused by thermal lensing on a lens. The deformation of the geometry and the steady-state temperature distribution are calculated using Ansys Mechanical and are then imported into VirtualLab.

Investigation of Ghost Image Effects in Collimation System

The ghost image effect in a collimation lens system is investigated, by checking the reflections between uncoated surfaces.

Investigation of Idealized Vectorial Focusing Situation Using Debye-Wolf Integral

We use the Debye-Wolf integral calculator in VirtualLab Fusion for vectorial focal field investigation with different parameters.

Investigation of Lens Aberrations in a SLM-based Beam Shaping Setup

For a diffractive beam shaper used together with focusing lens, the influence from lens aberrations on the system performance is investigated.

Investigation of Polarization State of Diffraction Orders

VirtualLab Fusion enables the detailed analysis of grating structures, with possible changes in the polarization state of the diffracted orders taken into consideration.

Investigation of Propagated Light behind a Microlens Array

This use case investigates light behind a microlens array. Effects in the near field, focal plane and far field are shown and discussed.

Investigation of Sodium D Lines with a Fabry-Pérot Etalon

An optical metrology system with a silica spaced etalon is set up to measure the sodium D lines in VirtualLab Fusion.

k-Domain Layout Visualization

This use case explains the physical concepts employed in the k-Layout Visualization tool and demonstrates its usage.

Laser Beam “Clean-Up” with Spatial Filter

A spatial filtering system with a pinhole is modeled in VirtualLab Fusion. We demonstrate how the opening of the pinhole influences the output beam quality.

Laser-Based Michelson Interferometer and Interference Fringe Exploration

A Michelson interferometer is set up with the help of non-sequential tracing technology in VirtualLab Fusion, and the interference fringes in different configurations are demonstrated.

Light Guide Layout Design Tool

The Layout Design tool allows to design a custom “Hololens 1”-like augmented or mixed reality system according to the desired specifications.

Light Path Diagram Information Export

In VirtualLab Fusion you can export a summary of all system parameters in the light path diagram into an XML File. This use case shows how to export the parameters and how to visualize the parameters.

Light Propagation through Waveguide with In- & Outcoupling Surface Gratings

As one important issue for near-eye display (NED) design, the propagation of light through waveguide structure with tailored in- and outcoupling gratings can be easily modeled with the help of region and channel concept in VirtualLab Fusion.

Lightguide with 2D-Periodic Grating Structures (Diamond-Shaped) Based on Patent by Wave Optics

In this use case we model a lightguide system that uses 2D-periodic grating structures (diamond-shaped), according to the approach from Patent WO2018/178626 (by Wave Optics LTD).

Lightguide with Butterfly Eye-Pupil Expander based on Patent by Microsoft

This use case shows a lightguide system with a so-called “butterfly pupil expansion”, based on patent US9791703B1 by Microsoft.

Littrow Configuration for Blazed Gratings

We offer here an optical setup configured according to Littrow, which furthermore, via some programming, maintains those optimal positions even under a change of wavelength or grating period.

LP Fiber Mode Calculator

The Fiber Mode Calculator can be used to calculate linearly polarized (LP) propagation modes in a step-index fiber with a single core or graded-index fiber.

Mach-Zehnder Interferometer

We build up a Mach-Zehnder interferometer in VirtualLab Fusion and demonstrate how the tilt and shift of component affect the interference fringe.

Metagrating Construction – Discussion at Examples

Based on selected examples, we show how to construct and configure metagrating structure and materials in VirtualLab Fusion.

Microscopy System with Structured Illumination

It is demonstrated that the contrast of the structured illumination pattern is influenced by the polarization of the incident beam.

Mie Solution to Maxwell’s Equations for Scattering of an Electromagnetic Plane Wave

With the Mie solution for an electromagnetic plane wave in VirtualLab Fusion, we investigate the scattering effect of spherical particles with different radii and made of different materials.

Modeling and Design of Blazed Metagratings

We design and construct a blazed metagrating in VirtualLab Fusion using square nano pillars, analyze its polarization-dependent diffraction efficiency, and further optimize it.

Modeling of a Herriott-Cell

This use case shows a physical optics simulation of a Herriott cell for gas spectroscopy, including a demonstration with CO2.

Modeling of a HoloLens 1 - Type Layout with Light Guide Component

This use case demonstrates the modeling of a device of a simple “HoloLens 1”-type layout with a Light Guide component capable of guiding light with a 32° × 18° FoV.

Modeling of an Array of Vertical Cavity Surface Emitting Laser (VCSEL) Diodes

This document demonstrates how a VCSEL array source can be modeled in VirtualLab Fusion.

Modeling of An Image Projection System Based on Panel-Type Display

An image projection system is set up using the panel-type source. The performance of the system is evaluated by observing the spot grid in both the spatial and angular domains.

Modeling of Bessel Beam Generation from Axicon with Round Tip

We model the generation of Bessel beams with axicon with round tip and investigate how the round tip may influence the Bessel beam evolution.

Modeling of Etalon with Planar or Curved Surfaces

With the non-sequential field tracing technique, the regarding interference patterns are modeled including vectorial effects.

Modeling of Foucault Knife-Edge Test

The Foucault knife-edge test is a well-known historical experiment to determine the characteristics of a given concave-shaped mirror. In this use case we model this test for a spherical and a parabolic mirror.

Modeling of Graded-Index (GRIN) Lens

In VirtualLab Fusion, we perform a fully physical-optics modeling of a Graded-index lens system, which includes the polarization crosstalk effects.

Modeling of Graded-Index (GRIN) Multimode Fiber

A fast approach for light propagation through a GRIN medium, which includes the polarization crosstalk effect, is implemented, and its validity and advantages are shown in comparison with a rigorous solver.

Modeling of Gratings within Optical System – Discussion at Examples

With the help of typical examples, we explain how to model grating within system and discuss topics like alignment of gratings, grating order selection, and angular response setting.

Modeling of Microlens Arrays with Different Lens Shapes

The imaging properties of microlens array with different lens shapes are investigated. Change of the focal spots with respect to aberration of input field is demonstrated.

Modeling of the Talbot Effect

We demonstrate the modeling of the Talbot effect, a well-known near-field diffraction effect from periodic structures such as gratings.

Modeling of Total Internal Reflection (TIR) Prism

We illustrate the modeling of interference and vignetting effects at a total internal reflection (TIR) prism. Dependent on the characteristics of the impinging light, these effects are introduced by the narrow gap between both prism parts.

Modeling of VCSEL Source by Two Uncorrelated Laguerre-Gaussian Modes

This document demonstrates how to achieve the desired intensity distribution of a specific VCSEL source via parametric optimization of two uncorrelated Gaussian modes with the help of the Multiple Light Source.

Modeling the Effects introduced by the Real Structure of a Diffractive Lens in a Hybrid Eyepiece

A hybrid eyepiece with a real diffractive lens surface is imported from Zemax OpticStudio® and analyzed further in VirtualLab Fusion.

Module for the Measurement of FFT Execution Time

A module is programmed to measure the FFT execution time for a quadratic field with different numbers of sampling points, in float and/or double precision.

Non-Sequential Ray Tracing Analysis of Glass Plate

By using the non-sequential tracing technique in VirtualLab, the ray tracing analysis of a glass plate is performed.

Observation of Gouy Phase Shift in a Mach-Zehnder Interferometer

Gouy phase shift, which is a p phase term, can be observed by a Mach-Zehnder interferometer. The interference along optical axis is constructive before focus, while destructive behind focus.

Observation of the Poisson Spot

The vital role of diffraction in the Poisson-spot experiment provided proof of the wavelike nature of light. We perform here a simulation of this key experiment.

Observation of Vortex Array Laser Beam Generation from Ince-Gaussian Beam

This document illustrates the generation of vortex-array laser beams using an Ince-Gaussian source.

Optical System for Inspection of Micro-Structured Wafer

A complete wafer inspection system including high-NA focusing effect and light interaction with microstructures is modeled, and the formation of image is demonstrated.

Optically Anisotropic Media in VirtualLab Fusion

This use case introduces the basic configuration of an anisotropic medium.

Optimal Working Distance for Coupling Light into Single-Mode Fibers

In this example, we select one commercially available lens and show how to find the optimal working distance to obtain maximum fiber coupling efficiency by using field tracing.

Optimization of Binary Grating for Lightguide Coupling over Desired FOV

With the rigorous Fourier modal method (FMM) in VirtualLab Fusion and the evolutionary algorithm in optiSLang, we demonstrate the optimization of a binary grating for waveguide coupling for the desired field of view (FOV).

Optimization of Lightguide Coupling Grating for Single Incidence Direction

We demonstrate the design workflow for optimizing a rectangular grating for one specific incidence direction to obtain maximum efficiency for a specific diffraction order.

Optimization of Lightguide with Continuously Modulated Grating Regions

This use case demonstrates how to optimize a lightguide with continuously varying fill factor of the gratings in the EPE and outcoupler regions to achieve adequate lateral uniformity in the eyebox.

Optimization of Slanted Grating for Lightguide Coupling over Desired FOV

We optimize a slanted grating for waveguide coupling over desired field of view (FOV), by using VirtualLab Fusion and optiSLang in combination.

Optimizing Waveguide Outcoupling Gratings for Uniform Multiple Channels

To ensure uniform multiple waveguide output channels, the outcoupling gratings are optimized, with their efficiencies calculated by the rigorous Fourier modal method.

Orientation of Gratings within a Grating Region

In this use case we will explain the advanced orientation setting for gratings within a grating region. Currently grating regions are only available within the waveguide toolbox.

Parametric Optimization and Tolerance Analysis of Slanted Gratings

With the Fourier modal method (FMM) as the kernel on which parametric optimization a slanted grating is designed to achieve high diffraction efficiency.

Parametric Optimization of a Half-Symmetric Two-Mirror Resonator

In VirtualLab Fusion, users can easily construct a two-mirror laser resonator, and use parametric optimization to design this resonator to generate a desired output mode.

Parametric Optimization of Fiber Coupling Lenses

With the parametric optimization in VirtualLab Fusion, the design of a fiber coupling lens with conical surface into a single-mode fiber is presented.

Paraxial Assumptions Tool

This use case introduces the Paraxial Assumptions tool, demonstrating its options and providing a workflow of how to use it.

Performance Analysis of Laser Scanning System

A scanning system consisting a dual-axis galvanometer and an aspherial focusing lens is modeled, with the rotation of the mirrors taken into simulation as in the practical case.

Performance Evaluation of an F-Theta Scanning Lens

With the scanning source in VirtualLab Fusion, we analyze the performance of an F-Theta lens, by measuring the focal spot position deviation and the spot size for different scan angles.

Performance Settings in Global Options of VirtualLab Fusion

The account different powerful computer system it, performance based parameters are introduced and explained.

Personalization Settings for Visualization in VirtualLab Fusion

This document illustrates the usage of the global options for personalization of the view settings of the VirtualLab Fusion.

Pinhole Modeling in a Low-Fresnel-Number System

With the flexible Fourier transform settings in VirtualLab Fusion, we model the diffraction effect from surface apertures and pinholes in a low-Fresnel-number system.

Polarization Analyzer

This feature use case demonstrates the capabilities of the Polarization Analyzer for the analysis and optimization of grating structures.

Polarization Conversion in Uniaxial Crystals

The conversion of polarization of linearly polarized light in a calcite crystal is demonstrated in VirtualLab Fusion.

Polarization Ellipses

This Use Case shows how to visualize the polarization state of light, represented as complex electromagnetic wave in a depictive way.

Polarization-Dependent Binary Resonant Gratings

We construct a binary grating with sub-wavelength structure following the principle of form birefringence and demonstrate its polarization-dependent properties.

Polarizer in Focal Region

To model polarizer used in non-paraxial cases, an idealized model is implemented in VirtualLab, and the effect of a polarizer in the focal region is presented.

Position and Orientation Information Display Control

In VirtualLab Fusion, users can select which information of position and orientation to be shown. This use case shows how to set up the position and orientation information display in a Light Path View.

Precise Measurement of Goos-Hänchen Shift form Weakly Absorbing Slab

We demonstrate the Goos-Hänchen shift for a dielectric slab with weak absorption, by measuring the lateral shift of the reflected beam with respect to the incidence angle.

Principle of Stimulated Emission Depletion (STED) Microscopy

STED Microscopy describes a commonly used technique to achieve super resolution in biological applications.

Profile Editing Tool Speed vs. Accuracy

This Use Case introduces the Speed vs. Accuracy tool which allows the user to customize global sampling parameter.

Profile Editor

This use case introduces the Profile Editor in VirtualLab Fusion.

Programmable Component for Free-Space Propagation

In this programming example, we present some functions which were used in the Classic Field Tracing engine to propagate an electromagnetic field that was represented in an equidistantly sampled form.

Programmable Dispersion Function

This Use Case introduces the Programmable Medium and shows how to customize your own dispersion Formula.

Programmable Grating Analyzer

We show how to use a Programmable Grating Analyzer to access the grating diffraction information, to display it, and to use it for further analysisor optimization.

Programming a Chirped Gaussian Pulse Spectrum

This example shows how to use Programmable Pulse Spectrum to generate a chirped Gaussian pulse, with the pulse specification given in time domain.

Programming a Degree of Coherence Detector

Based on the fully vectorial electromagnetic field information, a Programmable Detector is done for the calculation of the degree of coherence.

Programming a Detector for Diffractive Optics Merit Functions Calculation

Based on the full field information, and together with the Programmable Detector, several typically used merit functions in diffractive optics are realized in this example.

Programming a Detector Summing Square Amplitude on Optical Axis

This example illustrate the access on field values in a Programmable Detector via source code, and it calculates the sum of all squared amplitudes on the optical axis including all field components.

Programming a Detector to Save Fields Automatically

A Programmable Detector is constructed for saving a light distribution (harmonic fields set) to the desired file path on the hard disk.

Programming a Double Pinhole Transmission Function

In this programming example we illustrate how to code a transmission function that imitates an opaque screen punctured by two round holes.

Programming a Double Slit Function

An example snippet is presented for defining a double slit function, with customizable slit width and distance in between.

Programming a Micro-Lens Array

This example shows how to realize an array of micro-lenses on a rectangular grid by using the Programmable Interface in VirtualLab.

Programming a Module That Computes the Standard Deviation between Two Harmonic Fields

Gauging the accuracy of a given result is fundamental in science and engineering. In this use case we show you how to program a module to compute the standard deviation between two fields.

Programming a Module that Smooths the Edges of a Structure

This programmable module is designed to be applied to the sharp result of a designed structure, and it will round off the edges according to user-specified values.

Programming a Multiple-Slit Transmission Function

In this document you can find an example for the Programmable Function which defines an arbitrary number of equidistant slits with an arbitrary width and distance.

Programming a Scanning Parameter Run

A convex-plano single lens is analyzed by scanning over the radius of curvature and its thickness with the Programmable Parameter Run in VirtualLab Fusion.

Programming a Sinusoidal Surface

In this document you can find an example for the Programmable Interface. Although the sinusoidal surface is provided ready-made in the catalog, we show you how to code it for illustration purposes.

Programming a Sinusoidal Volume Grating

In this example, the generation of sinusoidal volume grating is demonstrated, with the grating period and the refractive index modulation as user-defined parameters.

Programming a Spectral Band Filter

This document shows a customizable spectral band filter in a system with a Gaussian pulse with a homogeneous spectrum.

Programming a Truncated Cone Surface

A truncated cone structure is generated using the Programmable Interface, with its specifications (height, top/base diameter) as user-defined parameters.

Programming an Anamorphic Surface

Using the Programmable Interface in VirtualLab Fusion, an anamorphic surface is programmed and especially with the surface gradient analytically given.

Programming an Axicon Transmission Function

In this programming example we illustrate how to use the Programmable Function in VirtualLab to create a custom idealised component that performs like an axicon.

Programming of a Module for Executing an IFTA Design

This example shows how to use a customized C# module to execute an IFTA design in VirtualLab Fusion.

Programming Radially & Azimuthally Polarized Sources

See how to create a radially and an azimuthally polarized source, experimenting in the process with the programming of light sources and the potential of the Combined Light Source feature.

Pulse Broadening in Dispersive Media

We investigate the relationship between the broadening of an ultrashort pulse and the dispersion of given materials that the pulse propagates through.

Pulse Focusing with High-NA Lens

We investigate the effects of subjecting an ultrashort pulse to propagation through a lens with high numerical aperture, in terms of its spatial, as well as of its temporal, profile.

Pulse Front Tilt in SSTF – Setups

This Use Case demonstrates the characteristics of an ideal SSTF Setup including the effects of chirp.

Reflecting Microscope System with very high Numerical Aperture

This use case demonstrates the modeling a compact reflective microscope system with a very high numerical aperture of 0.99 using VirtualLab Fusion’s fast physical optics technology. Further the result is compared to a reference.

Resolution Investigation for Microscope Objective Lenses by Rayleigh Criterion

Following the Rayleigh criterion, we investigate the resolution of three microscope objective lenses with different numerical apertures.

Resolution Investigation of a Microscopy System by Abbe Criterion

It is demonstrated that the resolution of a microscopy system depends on its numerical aperture.

Resolving Sodium Doublet by Using a Czerny-Turner Setup

A physical-optics-based simulation of Czerny-Turner setup consisting of parabolic mirrors and blazed grating for Sodium doublet examination, is investigated.

Rigorous Analysis and Design of Anti-Reflective Moth-Eye Structures

With the Fourier modal method and the parametric optimization in VirtualLab Fusion, we demonstrate the analysis and design of anti-reflective moth-eye structures.