The Challenge of Multiscale Simulation:

Abstract:

The integration of metalenses into conventional optical systems forces a paradigm shift in simulation methodology: we can no longer rely on a single modeling approach but must instead combine different simulation models – each matched to its corresponding physical regime. In more specific terms, this requires the use of distinct simulation models for the metalens, traditional lenses, and the segments of free-space propagation within the system. To ensure that various simulation models can work together seamlessly, the non-negotiable strategy is for all simulation models to employ electromagnetic fields as both input and output, serving as a common language.

Attempts using ray-based methods fail at their core because they introduce an incompatible light representation that cannot interface with metalens physics. Using the electromagnetic field as a common language among simulation models does not require that all these models be rigorous, also known as full-wave simulation models. Approximations are not only permitted but frequently necessary. However, approximations do not entail abandoning the electromagnetic field model for representing light.

This talk provides a concise overview of:

• field-based simulation models used for lenses,
• free-space propagation,
• and metasurfaces,

highlighting their smooth integration within multiscale system simulations.

*** This presentation premiered during the 2025 Photonics Spectra Optical Design Summit. For more information on Photonics Media conferences and summits, visit events.photonics.com